DigitUMa
Repositório Institucional da Universidade da Madeira
Entradas recentes
Formação de professores na RAM: memória como alavanca
Publication . Correia, Fernando; Correia, Fernando Luís Sousa
Formação de professores: contributos da investigação
Publication . Correia, Fernando; Fernandes, Elsa; Correia, Fernando Luís Sousa; Fernandes, Elsa
Relationship between social support and psychological symptoms in people living with HIV/AIDS, at risk of developing HIV – associated dementia
Publication . Sousa, Gilberta; Padilha, José Miguel dos Santos Castro; Costa, Patrício; Abreu, Wilson Jorge Correia; Sousa, Gilberta
ABSTRACT
People living with HIV/AIDS often present neuropsychiatric symptoms, including cognitive and
mood-related manifestations. Social support helps to cope with adverse events related to
mental health. We aimed to analyze the relationship between satisfaction with social
support and psychological symptoms in people living with HIV/AIDS at risk of developing
HIV-associated dementia. An observational, cross-sectional, and correlational study was
conducted. Assessment instruments included: sociodemographic questionnaire; Social
Support Scale for People Living with HIV [Seidl & Tróccoli, 2006. Development of a scale for
the social support evaluation in HIV/AIDS. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 22(3), 317–326.], Brief
Symptom Inventory (BSI) [Canavarro, 1999. Psychopathological Symptom Inventory – BSI. In
M. G. M. R. Simões, & L. S. Almeida (Eds.), Psychological tests and tests in Portugal (Vol. II,
pp. 87–109). SHO/APPORT.]; and International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS). The sample
consisted of 255 participants with a mean age of 48.16 years, 80.8% male, 68.6% living
mostly with someone else. The strongest correlation was between the perception of
availability of emotional support and availability of instrumental support, r (255) = 0.992; p <
0.001. Individuals with higher satisfaction with perceived emotional support had fewer
psychological symptoms. Those with a higher Global Severity Index score on the BSI had a
higher risk of dementia. An association was found between symptoms of psychological
distress and a higher likelihood of developing HIV-related dementia. To reduce the risk of
HIV-associated dementia, it is imperative to improve social support networks, which can
serve as a vital clinical strategy.
Assessing essential oils from Macaronesia: a study on their efficacy against phytopathogenic and obligate biotrophic fungi
Publication . Ferreira, Rui Miguel; Pereira, Verónica Sousa; Sardinha, Duarte Fernandes; Rodríguez Sabina, Samuel; Cabrera Pérez, Raimundo; Castilho, Paula Machado; Castilho, Paula C
BACKGROUND: Essential oils (EOs) extracted from eight culinary herbs and spices, some endemic to Macaronesia flora (Cedro
nella canariensis, Clinopodium ascendens and Laurus novocanariensis) and others common in Mediterranean cuisine (Cinnamo
mum burmannii, Ocimum gratissimum, Origanum vulgare subsp. virens, Syzygium aromaticum and Thymus vulgaris) were
evaluated via direct-contact bioassays, both in vitro and in vivo, against three species of phytopathogenic fungi (Alternaria
alternata, Botrytis cinerea, and Fusarium oxysporum) and the obligatory biotrophic fungus Oidium farinosum. Carvacrol-rich
Origanum vulgare was selected to study the influence of isomerism on bioactivity, because Thymus vulgaris is rich in thymol,
a structural isomer of carvacrol.
RESULTS:FiveEOsexhibitedstrongtomoderateantifungalactivityandwerefurtherscreenedatlowerconcentrationstoassess
their toxicity and growth inhibition thresholds. Cedronella canariensis showed no antifungal activity, whereas Laurus novoca
nariensis demonstrated only weak activity against Botrytis cinerea. This fungus was more susceptible to the tested EO than
the other phytopathogenic fungi. Origanum vulgare was slightly more effective than Thymus vulgaris, for all three phytopath
ogenic fungi. Ocimum gratissimum, Syzygium aromaticum, and Cinnamomum burmannii significantly reduced powdery mildew
severity, whereas Origanum vulgare and Thymus vulgaris showed moderate activity.
CONCLUSION:Phenylpropanoid-rich EOs, such as Cinnamomum burmannii, Ocimum gratissimum, and S. aromaticum, exhibited
the strongest antifungal activity in both bioassays with phytopathogenic and obligate biotrophicfungi.Ourresults confirmthe
higher antifungal activity of the phenylpropanoid class of EOs.
Emotional competencies and physical activity in primary school children: a comparative study across levels of learning support
Publication . Antunes, Filipa; Antunes, Hélio; Rodrigues, Ana; Sabino, Bebiana; Ashraf, Sadaf; Sousa, Duarte; Carvalho, Joana; Antunes, Hélio; Rodrigues, Ana; Sousa, Duarte
Children’s emotional development is a determining factor for their school success and overall
well-being. Additionally, physical activity is recognized as a relevant contribution in promoting
emotional self-regulation, self-esteem, and social inclusion. This aspect is especially important in
the inclusive educational context, where it seeks to respond to the needs of students with learning
difficulties through diversified support measures. The study aimed to analyse the relationship
between differentiation and emotional identification indices and levels of physical activity in
primary school children (ages 6–10). Three distinct groups were considered: students without
Learning and Inclusion Support Measures (No-LISM), with Selective Learning and Inclusion
Support Measures (S-LISM), and with Universal Learning and Inclusion Support Measures (U-
LISM). The sample size consisted of 69 children (mean age = 814 ± 1.13 years). Data were
collected on sports practice and physical activity using accelerometry, as well as emotional
indices were collected through the Inventory of Identification of Emotions and Feelings. The
results revealed statistically significant differences in emotional indices between the groups, with
No-LISM students presenting higher levels of differentiation and emotional identification. In
contrast, students with U-LISM demonstrated higher levels of moderate to vigorous physical ac
tivity. It is concluded that, although physical activity is important in the inclusive educational
context, its associations on emotional development are not always consistent. These results
suggest the need for more structured psychoeducational strategies to enhance the potential
impact of physical activity on emotional development, particularly in students with greater
support needs.