Percorrer por autor "Ashraf, Sadaf"
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- Association between Body Composition, Physical Activity Profile, and Occurrence of Knee and Foot Postural Alterations among Young Healthy AdultsPublication . Ashraf, Sadaf; Viveiros, Roberto; França, Cíntia; Ornelas, Rui Trindade; Rodrigues, AnaKnee and foot deformities refer to structural abnormalities in the knee and foot bones, joints, ligaments, or muscles. Various factors, including genetics, injury, disease, or excessive use, can cause these deformities. These musculoskeletal conditions can significantly impact individuals’ quality of life. This study examined foot and knee deformities in 231 young healthy adults (165 men, 66 women) aged 22.6 ± 4.9 years and their association with physical activity and body composition. The postural assessment was performed by two Physiotherapists, with the subject standing in three views: side, anterior, and posterior. Physical activity (Baecke’s Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire) and body composition (InBody 770) were assessed. Results showed that the most common foot deformity was pes planus, while the genu recurvatum was the most common knee deformity among the individuals. Physical activity level was negatively associated with knee and foot deformities. Conversely, body composition differed with the presence of genu recurvatum. These findings present a starting point to understand the occurrence of knee and foot postural alterations according to the individuals’ body composition and physical activity profiles, which could support the deployment of tailored interventions among healthy adults. In addition, early detection of postural changes is crucial in mitigating their negative long-term impact on physical well-being.
- Estimated energy expenditure in youth while playing active video games: a systematic reviewPublication . França, Cíntia; Ashraf, Sadaf; Santos, Francisco; Dionísio, Mara; Ihle, Andreas; Marques, Adilson; Nascimento, Marcelo de Maio; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; França, Cíntia; Dionisio, Mara; Marques, Adilson; de Maio Nascimento, Marcelo; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Baeta Santos, Francisco JoséSedentary behavior and inadequate energy expenditure are serious global public health concerns among youngsters. The exponential growth in technology emerges as a valuable opportunity to foster physical activity, particularly through active video games. We performed a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus to provide a comprehensive view of the literature on energy expenditure levels among adolescents while playing active video games. Among the 574 manuscripts identified at the first screening stage, 23 were retained for analysis. Ten studies were characterized by longitudinal and thirteen by cross-sectional designs. The results showed that short-term active video games elicited energy expenditure values comparable to moderate-intensity physical activity (3–6 METs). However, in intervention programs (with at least six weeks) the results indicate no significant effects of active video games on youngsters’ energy expenditure levels and physical activity profiles between baseline and follow-up assessments. Overall, active video games based on sports and dance were the most used, and boys tended to achieve higher energy expenditure than girls. The diversity of methods implemented limits comparing results and drawing generalized conclusions. However, considering its attractiveness to youth, active video games might emerge as a complementary tool to traditional physical activities promoted in schools and local communities. Details regarding gender differences and contradictory results of longitudinal approaches should be considered in future research based on standardized methods.
- The impact of schoolbags on postural health in school-aged children: an updated systematic reviewPublication . Ashraf, Sadaf; Bento, César; Sabino, Bebiana; Antunes, Hélio; França, Cíntia; Lopes, Helder; Rodrigues, Ana; Bento, César; Antunes, Hélio; França, Cíntia; Lopes, Helder; Rodrigues, AnaSchoolbags represent a common source of physical strain for school-aged children and may influence posture during critical years of growth. This systematic review synthesizes evidence published since the previous review (1995–2014), which mainly focused on load thresholds and did not consider postural health as a multidimensional outcome. The review protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251080328). PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were systematically searched up to 11 June 2024. Of 1013 screened articles, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Schoolbag weight was the most frequently investigated factor, followed by postural and spinal alterations, particularly scoliosis. Excessive loads were consistently associated with trunk inclination, postural asymmetry, lumbar strain, and musculoskeletal discomfort. Several studies reported demographic differences, with girls showing greater susceptibility to postural deviations and boys carrying heavier loads. Compared with earlier evidence, more recent studies employed improved postural assessment methods and broader outcome frameworks incorporating ergonomic and behavioral factors. Despite methodological heterogeneity, findings support limiting schoolbag weight to 10–15% of body weight. This review highlights the importance of integrating ergonomic design, carrying behaviors, and demographic modifiers into school health guidelines and provides practical recommendations for clinicians, educators, and policymakers.
- Posture alterations in students of the degree in physical education and sports at the University of Madeira: relationship with body composition and physical activity profilesPublication . Ashraf, Sadaf; Ornelas, Rui Nuno Trindade de; Rodrigues, Ana José AguiarPoor body alignment, sedentary behaviors, and various physical activity levels experienced by young adults lead to musculoskeletal imbalances and subsequent discomforts, which, when left undetected and untreated, significantly impact the quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the postural alterations of students enrolled in Physical activity and sports degrees at the University of Madeira and the impact of their body composition and physical activity. Using a postural assessment table by two physiotherapists, this study examined postural alterations in 231 university students (165 men, 66 women) aged 22.64±4.86 years. Their physical activity profile and body composition were assessed using Baecke's Habitual PA questionnaire and Inbody770, respectively. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test examined the quantitative variable distribution normality. Descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation, characterized the sample. The chi-frame test determined gender differences in the prevalence of postural changes. The T-Student test examined the differences between participants with and without postural changes in quantitative variables with a normal distribution. The software used was SPSS version 7.0; the significance level adopted was 5%. Results showed that the most common spinal alteration was scoliosis (56.7%), followed by kyphosis (53.2%) and lordosis (14.3%), being more prevalent in males than females. The most common alteration in the foot and knee was pes planus and genu recurvatum, respectively. Physical activity profile indicated a statistically significant relationship with lordosis; however, it was negatively correlated with the prevalence of other spinal, knee, and foot alterations. Conversely, body composition was positively associated with the prevalence of knee genu recurvatum, and height and weight were positively associated with scoliosis. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating postural alterations for early detection and intervention to reduce further negative impacts on the spine and other body parts. It also helps adults engaging in competitive sports or related to physical education to become aware of their postural alteration in different individuals.