Browsing by Author "Freitas, Carina Patrícia de Barros"
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Analysis of the unpleasantness of sounds by schizophrenic patientsPublication . Freitas, Carina Patrícia de Barros; Griffiths, Timothy; Ribeiro, Joaquim AlexandreNo presente trabalho estudámos o processamento emocional de sons desagradáveis em doentes esquizofrénicos, em fases iniciais da doença. O estudo decorreu em doentes pertencentes à consulta externa dos Serviços de Psiquiatria do Hospital de Santa Maria e Hospital Júlio de Matos e a amostra consistiu em 29 doentes e 29 controlos emparelhados para o sexo e idade. As avaliações realizadas incluíram uma escala de Avaliação Breve do Estado Mental (MMSE), uma escala de gravidade dos sintomas positivos e negativos da esquizofrenia (PANSS) e uma bateria de sons desagradáveis desenvolvida para este estudo, intitulada de Newcastle Battery of Unpleasant Sounds (NBUS). Os resultados mostraram que os doentes esquizofrénicos têm uma percepção emocional preservada dos sons desagradáveis, na fase inicial da doença. Não se observaram correlações significativas entre medidas de gravidade clínica (duração da doença e sub escalas da PANSS) e os valores da avaliação dos referidos sons. Observou-se ainda que a bateria de sons apresentada revelou grande variabilidade nos valores obtidos na avaliação. Associações semânticas, assim como certas características acústicas dos sons poderão ter influenciado a percepção e avaliação emocional dos mesmos.
- Neuroimaging studies on familiarity of music in children with autism spectrum disorderPublication . Freitas, Carina Patrícia de BarrosThe field of music neuroscience allows us to use music to investigate human cognition in vivo. Examining how brain processes familiar and unfamiliar music can elucidate underlying neural mechanisms of several cognitive processes. To date, familiarity in music listening and its neural correlates in typical adults have been investigated using a variety of neuroimaging techniques, yet the results are inconsistent. In addition, these correlates and respective functional connectivity related to music familiarity in typically developing (TD) children and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are unknown. The present work consists of two studies. The first one reviews and qualitatively synthesizes relevant literature on the neural correlates of music familiarity, in healthy adult populations, using different neuroimaging methods. Then it estimates the brain areas most active when listening to familiar and unfamiliar musical excerpts using a coordinate-based meta-analyses technique of neuroimaging data. We established that motor brain structures were consistently active during familiar music listening. The activation of these motor-related areas could reflect audio-motor synchronization to elements of the music, such as rhythm and melody, so that one can tap, dance and “covert” sing along with a known song. Results from this research guided our second study. This work investigated the familiarity effect in music listening in both TD and ASD children, using magnetoencephalography (MEG). This technique enabled us to study brain connectivity and characterize the networks and frequency bands involved while listening to familiar and unfamiliar songs. TD children recruited a similar brain network as those in typical adults during familiar music listening, in the gamma frequency band. Compared to TD, children with ASD showed relatively intact processing of familiar songs but atypical processing of unfamiliar songs in theta and beta-bands. Atypical functional connectivity of other unfamiliar stimuli has been reported in ASD. Our findings reinforced that processing novelty is a challenge. Overall, this work contributes to the advancement of both fields of music neuroscience and brain connectivity in ASD.