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- Different levels of physical activity and depression symptoms among older adults from 18 countries: a population-based study from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)Publication . Marques, Adilson; Matos, Margarida Gaspar de; Bordado, Joana; Gouveia, Élvio R.; Peralta, Miguel; Gómez-Baya, DiegoObjective: Analyse the relationship between different levels of physical activity (PA) and depression symptoms in a representative sample of European older adults. Methods: Data on PA, depression symptoms and sociodemographic variables from 64688 (28015 men) older adults participating in SHARE wave 6 was collected through a face-to-face interview. The EURO-D 12-item scale was administered for depression symptoms. Participants reported the frequency they engaged in moderate-intensity PA (MPA) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA). Results: Men and women engaging in MPA and VPA once or more than once a week had less depression symptoms than those who engage less than once a week. MPA and VPA once or more than once a week were inversely associated with the depression symptoms score. Furthermore, engaging in MPA and VPA decreased the odds of depression (cut-off point of ≥4 depression symptoms) compared to engaging in PA less than once a week. Conclusions: Policies for promoting mental health should include PA for the prevention or treatment of depression symptoms. PA presents physical and psychological benefits and can be used as an overall health-promoting strategy, facing numerous problems at a time.
- Impact of Exercise Training on Depressive Symptoms in Cancer Patients: A Critical AnalysisPublication . Marconcin, Priscila; Marques, Adilson; Ferrari, Gerson; Gouveia, Élvio R.; Peralta, Miguel; Ihle, AndreasCancer patients must deal with several health challenges, including emotional distress and depressive symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate evidence from published systematic reviews and meta-analyses about the efficacy of exercise on depressive symptoms in cancer patients. Methods: We searched for previous meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials on PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, with data inception to 30 December 2021. Two independent researchers assessed the methodological quality using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR2) instrument. Six meta-analyses were integrated. All included middle-aged and older adults. Five presented moderate quality, and one presented low quality. Results: Overall, a significant reduction in depressive symptoms was observed among the included studies. However, the heterogeneity between studies was high, and high-quality evidence for the efficacy of exercise on depressive symptoms was limited. Conclusions: Exercise could be a possibility in the treatment of depressive symptoms in cancer patients, especially when supervised and outside the home. The better dose of exercise needs to be clarified. More high-quality evidence is needed to better prescribe exercise to this vulnerable population.
- Physical Activity Dimensions Differentially Predict Physical and Mental Components of Health-Related Quality of Life: Evidence from a Sport for All StudyPublication . Ihle, Andreas; Gouveia, Bruna R.; Gouveia, Élvio R.; Cheval, Boris; Nascimento, Marcelo de Maio; Conceição, Lúcia; Marconcin, Priscila; Peralta, Miguel; Ferrari, Gerson; Oliveira, Duarte; Kliegel, MatthiasThe present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between different dimen sions of physical activity (PA) (i.e., work, sport, leisure) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (i.e., overall, physical component, mental component) in an adult lifespan sample of 381 active individuals (age range: 18–88 years; 38.8% men), while controlling for important covariates in terms of sex, age, education, and health profile regarding medical history. HRQoL was assessed using the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12). Usual (i.e., previous 12 months) PA was assessed during face-to-face interviews using the Baecke questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analyses showed in Step 1 that the three PA dimensions work, sport, and leisure (entered simultaneously) together predicted 8%, 10%, and 4% of the variance in SF-12 total score, SF-12 physical component, and SF-12 mental component, respectively. In the final model, adjusting for sex, age, education, and health profile regarding medical history, sport emerged as the only PA dimension predicting SF-12 total score and the SF-12 physical component. In conclusion, health-policy targets at the community level should include the promotion of lifelong engagement in PA, especially sport, to allow the sustainability of HRQoL across the lifespan of our society.
- Physical activity buffers the negative relationship between multimorbidity, self-rated health and life satisfactionPublication . Marques, Adilson; Peralta, Miguel; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Gómez Chávez, Francisco; González Valeiro, MiguelBackground This study aimed to examine the relationship between multimorbidity, self-rated health and life satisfaction, and to test the moderating effect of physical activity on the relationship between multimorbidity, self-rated health and life satisfaction. Methods This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the European Social Survey 2014. Participants were 25713 adults (12830 men), aged 18–64 years old, from 18 European countries and Israel. Self-reported information regarding chronic diseases, health perception, life satisfaction and physical activity was collected through interview. Multimorbidity was defined as the co-occurrence of ≥ 2 chronic diseases. Linear regression models were used to estimate the effects of multimorbidity, physical activity and the interaction effect of multimorbidity × physical activity on self-rated health and life satisfaction. Results Multimorbidity was negatively related to self-rated health (d = 0.03) and life satisfaction (d = 0.03). Physical activity was positively related to self-rated health and life satisfaction. There was a significant interaction effect between multimorbidity and physical activity with regard to self-rated health (β = 0.01, P < 0.001) and life satisfaction (β = 0.04, P < 0.001). Conclusions Physical activity buffered the negative relationship between multimorbidity, self-rated health and life satisfaction; contributing to better self-rated health and life satisfaction.
- The association between physical activity and mental health during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic reviewPublication . Marconcin, Priscila; Werneck, André O.; Peralta, Miguel; Ihle, Andreas; Gouveia, Élvio R.; Ferrari, Gerson; Sarmento, Hugo; Marques, AdilsonIntroduction: The Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic afected countries worldwide and has changed peoples’ lives. A reduction in physical activity and increased mental health problems were observed, mainly in the frst year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this systematic review aims to examine the association between physical activ ity and mental health during the frst year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In July 2021, a search was applied to PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Eligibility criteria included cross-sectional, prospective, and longitudinal study designs and studies published in English; outcomes included physical activity and mental health (e.g., depressive symptoms, anxiety, positive and negative efects, well-being). Results: Thirty-one studies were included in this review. Overall, the studies suggested that higher physical activity is associated with higher well-being, quality of life as well as lower depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress, indepen dently of age. There was no consensus for the optimal physical activity level for mitigating negative mental symp toms, neither for the frequency nor for the type of physical activity. Women were more vulnerable to mental health changes and men were more susceptive to physical activity changes. Conclusion: Physical activity has been a good and efective choice to mitigate the negative efects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health during the frst year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health policies should alert for possibilities to increase physical activity during the stay-at-home order in many countries worldwide.
- Cross-sectional and prospective relationship between low-to-moderate–intensity physical activity and chronic diseases in older adults from 13 european countriesPublication . Marques, Adilson; Peralta, Miguel; Martins, João; Gouveia, Élvio R.; Valeiro, Miguel G.Aim: To assess the relationship between low-to-moderate–intensity physical activity (LMPA) in 2011 and chronic diseases in 2011and2013amongolderEuropeanadults.Methods:Participants(16,157menand21,260women)from13Europeancountries were interviewed about the presence of chronic conditions and LMPA. The association between LMPA and number of chronic diseases was assessed using logistic regressionmodels.Results: Mostof theolder adults participated inLMPA more thanoncea week(81.9%),8.4%participated oncea week,and9.3%didnotparticipate.Theprevalenceofchronicdiseases wassignificantly lower among those who reported engaging in LMPA. The LMPA in 2011 was related with lower odds of having several chronic diseasesin2013.Conclusion:EngaginginLMPAisassociatedwithreducedriskforchronicdiseasesinolderEuropeanmenand women. Even the practice of LMPA once a week seems to be enough to diminish the risk of having chronic diseases.
- Cardiorespiratory fitness and telomere length: a systematic reviewPublication . Marques, Adilson; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Peralta, Miguel; Martins, João; Venturini, Joed; Henriques-Neto, Duarte; Sarmento, Hugolength (TL). Studies were identified from searches in Cochrane Central, PubMed, Scopus, Sportdiscus, and Web of Science databases through July 2019. Eligibility criteria included: cross-sectional, prospective, and experimental study design; outcomes included TL; results expressed the relationship between cardiore spiratory fitness and TL; studies published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish. A total of 20 articles met the inclusion criteria. Sixteen studies (80%) reported a significant relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness, or training load, and TL. Better cardiorespiratory fitness or a large cardiorespiratory training load are associated with an increase in TL. Although, TL was related to regular moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness in older healthy humans, it was not related to cardiorespiratory fitness among young subjects. There seems to be a positive and significant relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and TL, mainly among middle age and older people, which emphasizes the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness for healthy ageing. Therefore, endurance exercise and better cardiorespiratory fitness may regulate the TL in middle age and older adults, slowing the cellular ageing process.
- Adaptation of the Behavioural Regulation in Active Commuting to School (BR-ACS) Questionnaire in Portuguese YouthPublication . Marques, Adilson; Santos, Thiago; Demetriou, Yolanda; Schönbach, Dorothea M. I.; Peralta, Miguel; Lagestad, Pål; Martins, João; Kleszczewska, Dorota; Dzielska, Anna; Gouveia, Élvio R.This study aimed to translate and adapt the psychometric properties of the Behavioural Regulation in Active Commuting to School (BR-ACS) questionnaire to young Portuguese students. This study had two stages: (1) translation and adaptation of the questionnaire; (2) evaluation of the psychometric properties. A sample of 338 participants (212 female, 126 male) aged 11 to 19 years (Mage = 15.6 ± 2.1) from 31 cities and Madeira island participated in this study. The confirmatory factor analysis suggested an acceptable fit to the data for the first-order and third-order measurement models. The composite reliability values ranged from 0.71 (identified regulation) to 0.90 (integrated regulation), demonstrating internal consistency. The AVE values ranged from 0.40 (amotivation) to 0.69 (integrated regulation), demonstrating an acceptable convergent validity for all constructs. The model estimation had an acceptable fit, with values akin to those of the first-order tested model. Finally, the results of the multigroup analysis for the successive restricted models (CFI < 0.010 and RMSEA < 0.015) point out that the null hypothesis of factor invariance between gender cannot be rejected. The psychometric properties demonstrates the suitability of this questionnaire among Portuguese youths aged 11 to 19. This questionnaire will help understand the motivation aspects that underpin active commuting to school and consequently help to increase physical activity among Portuguese adolescents.