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- Implementation and challenges of the passive house concept in Portugal: lessons learnt from successful experiencePublication . Figueiredo, António; Rebelo, Filipe; Castanho, Rui Alexandre; Oliveira, Rui; Lousada, Sérgio; Vicente, Romeu; Ferreira, Victor M.The European Green Deal defined by the European Commission on December 2019 presents an ambitious set of measures for the European Union and its citizens to accomplish the challenge of climate change, making Europe until 2050 the first neutral continent, where there are no net emissions of greenhouse gases. The Passive House (PH) concept has the same ambitious goal, targeting the reduction of the carbon footprint while promoting a construction design that gives primacy to the optimum energy balance, assuring comfort and quality with a minimum impact on the final building cost and operation. However, the PH concept is still not an easy process to implement in the traditional construction sector, especially in South European territory, as is the case of Portugal. Contextually, the present study through the discussion of a case study research method applied to European PH successful experience, has defined guidelines for the implementation of this concept within sustainable development principles. The methodology strategy starts with the information collection from Hanover, Brussels, and Tyrol case studies. Then, a statement regarding the current situation of Portugal in respect of the PH numbers and policies was performed. Moreover, the information gathered, as well as the experience of learnt lessons, were compared to the Portuguese reality. As a final procedure, barriers and obstacles for the Portuguese case have been identified through the analysis and understanding of the country’s social dynamics, and also with the crossing of sustainable development principles. Thus, the present research enables us to propose guidelines to increase the PH implementation in Portugal.
- Hydraulic planning in insular urban territories: the case of Madeira Island—Ribeira BravaPublication . Lousada, Sérgio; Cabezas, José; Castanho, Rui Alexandre; Gómez, José Manuel NaranjoThe main objective of this study was to analyze the flood propensity of the main water course of Ribeira Brava drainage basin and, if necessary, to suggest two methodologies to mitigate the impacts, i.e., detention basin sizing and riverbed roughness coefficient adjustment. For the flood propensity assessment, geomorphological data obtained from the watershed characterization process was used through the SIG ArcGIS software and then used for the calculation of the expected peak flow rate for a return period of 100 years using the Gumbel Distribution. Finally, the drainage capacity of the river mouth was verified via the Manning-Strickler equation, with the purpose of establishing whether the river mouth of the watershed has the capacity to drain the entire volume of rainwater in an extreme flood event. In summary, the results indicate that the river mouth of the Ribeira Brava watershed does not have the capacity to drain the rain flow for the pre-established return period; therefore, the detention basin was sized using the Dutch Method and the Simplified Triangular Hydrograph Method, and the roughness coefficient was adjusted in order to ensure the increase in the river mouth’s drainage capacity.
- Hydraulic studies and their influence for regional urban planning: a pratical approach to Fynchal’s riversPublication . Miranda, Dénio Gouveia; Camacho, Rafael Freitas; Lousada, Sérgio; Castanho, Rui AlexandreFlood phenomena in urban territories are a reality all over the globe.However, both urban planning processes and hydraulic studies are mostly not well-developed, considering the multidisciplinarity and complexity of the theme, resulting in urban agglomerations - with a tendency to occur in this typology of events – showing several gaps, regarding a well developed and articulated urban planning, not being able to deal with this type of natural phenomenon.In this regard, the combining of multivariate studies, such as urban planning and hydraulic studies, are seen as critical to achieve a sustained territorial success of the regions affected by this typology of phenomena. Thus, by exploratory tools and analysis methods: i.e. calculation of roughness coefficients in artificial runoff channels, analysis of surface runoff, computer models, evaluation and analysis of design and spatial planning policies in urban areas, and its application to a case study - the case of the Funchal´s Rivers, Madeira, Portugal - are just a few examples of analysis that the study carries out, from a multidisciplinary perspective, in order to define bases and measures, enabling to prevent and minimize the negative impacts of such events, as well as increasing the safety of resident populations.
- Modelação de sistemas de abastecimento de água. O caso de Ilha da MadeiraPublication . Lousada, Sérgio; Silva, Pedro Soares da; Castanho, Rui Alexandre; Naranjo-Gómez, José ManuelA temática da insuficiência de água disponível para con sumo é essencial no debate social devido à importância natural deste recurso e às previsões de aumentos exponen ciais demográficos, o que introduziu uma maior pressão sobre o ciclo deste recurso finito e essencial para a ma nutenção do equilíbrio natural. A infraestrutura respon sável pela sua distribuição deve ser concebida, mantida e explorada eficazmente. Este estudo aborda a modelação e a calibração digital desta tipologia de infraestruturas, recorrendo a um software da especialidade, aplicando-o a um caso prático: concelho de Câmara de Lobos, na Ilha da Madeira (Portugal). Através deste estudo e da análise do modelo foi possível verificar as elevadas perdas no sistema de distribuição, além das causas, i.e, elevadas pressões e velocidades a que estão sujeitas as componentes da rede, devido à orografia da ilha da Madeira.
- GIS-based assessment of morphological and hydrological parameters of Ribeira dos Socorridos and Ribeira do Vigário Basins, Madeira Island, PortugalPublication . Lousada, Sérgio; Castanho, Rui AlexandreThe main objective is to identify hydraulic and hydrologic features of drainage basins of Ribeira dos Socorridos, and Ribeira do Vigário located in Madeira Island, (Câmara de Lobos). So, the research analyzed, theoretically, the sediment transport in the above-mentioned cases, and consequently, possible measures for torrential correction were studied. Thereby, hydrographic, geological, and hydrological features of this Archipelago were analyzed in the first phase. Thus, a geographic framing of drainage basins was made - using digital terrain models and deep characterization of the understudy drainage basins. In this regard, it was possible to obtain data regarding the geometric, relief, and drainage system components, using the Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In fact, the use of GIS makes it possible to characterize all descriptive indices/parameters of a hydrographic basin. These indices/parameters linked to the region's climate explain the need for human intervention to construct river hydraulic infrastructure and implement mitigation measures. Moreover, torrential correction techniques were presented to anticipate and mitigate this typology of events. Contextually, this study provides us several goals to consider in the future, including the most relevant actions and guidelines to enhance the characterization of drainage basins and clarify the characterization and accounting of sediment transport.