Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018"
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- Recursos fitogenéticosPublication . Jesus, Isidoro; Carvalho, Miguel Ângelo Almeida Pinheiro deEste capítulo aborda os recursos fitogenéticos do cas- tanheiro no Arquipélago da Madeira e as metodologias utilizadas na sua avaliação. Os aspectos relacionados com as metodologias de caracterização destes recursos são analisados, nomeadamente os diferentes descritores morfológicos, bioquímicos e moleculares utilizados e as técnicas que dão suporte à avaliação dos mesmos. São apresentados os resultados preliminares da avaliação dos recursos do castanheiro, desenvolvidos com base num estudo de caracterização morfológica, sendo propostas 7 variedades regionais: curral, coração de boi, preta, mansinha, lisboa, santo antónio e formosa. Esta avaliação preliminar dos recursos do castanheiro deverá, no futuro, ser fundamentada com base em dados bioquímicos e moleculares. Por último, são abordadas as perspectivas de protecção desta cultura e da valorização da sua produção na Madeira.
- História, importância e distribuição do castanheiroPublication . Jesus, Isidoro; Carvalho, Miguel Ângelo Almeida Pinheiro deO presente capítulo aborda a história e a importância da cultura do castanheiro no Arquipélago da Madeira, assim como a sua distribuição actual na ilha da Madeira. Os aspectos relacionados com a distribuição geográfica da cultura e as condições edafo-ecológicas, em que se desenvolvem as principais cultivares desta espécie agro- -florestal, são caracterizados com o objectivo de explicar a diversidade de recursos genéticos existentes numa região de pequenas dimensões.
- Unraveling Vitis vinifera L. grape maturity markers based on integration of terpenic pattern and chemometric methodsPublication . Perestrelo, Rosa; Silva, Catarina; Silva, Pedro; Câmara, José S.The current research attempts to provide an alternative tool for grape maturity measurement related to the wine composition since, the classical parameters (weight grape berries, sugar content, titratable acidity), commonly used in the winemaking industry, do not provide any sensorial information. In this context, the evolution of terpenic compounds (TC) during ripening of four V. vinifera L. grape varieties - Bual, Malvasia, Sercial (white grapes) and Tinta Negra (red grapes), was investigated, in addition to the establishment of terpenic pattern, using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with GC–MS. Using the optimal analytical conditions were identified 62 TC in the investigated V. vinifera L. grapes. The integration of chromatographic and chemometric data provides a powerful strategy to identify potential maturity markers. The maximum potential of mono- and sesquiterpenic compounds was reached at maturity, whereas the highest levels of norisoprenoids were observed at véraison. Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS-R) was employed to describe the relationship between classical parameters and TC. Based on PLS-R models, three monoterpenic (linalool, α-terpineol, carvomenthol), one sesquiterpenic (bicyclogermacrene) and two norisoprenoids compounds (vitispirane I, β-damascenone) could be used to define the optimum harvest date. The obtained results represent a very important tool to support, in an objective way, the winemakers decision for long-term strategic planning based on the sensory potentialities of grape varieties and consequently improving the excellence of Madeira wine.
- Refletindo sobre a visita de enfermagem no domicílioPublication . Fragoeiro, Isabel
- Propriedades psicométricas da escala de orientação para objetivos de VandeWalle: um estudo como uma amostra de estudantes do ensino superior no contexto do seu primeiro processo de socialização organizacionalPublication . Rodrigues, Nuno; Rebelo, Teresa; Botelho, Mónica; Beja, Maria JoãoA orientação para objetivos representa uma das variáveis disposicionais de índole motivacional que tem recebido grande atenção na investigação a respeito dos processos de aprendizagem e desempenho nos contextos académico e organizacional. Este estudo centra-se na análise das características psicométricas da escala de orientação para objetivos de VandeWalle. Os resultados da análise fatorial confirmatória conferem suporte a um modelo de medida constituído por três fatores correspondentes às respetivas sub-dimensões teóricas, que incluem a orientação para objetivos de aprendizagem, a orientação para provar o desempenho e a orientação para evitar o desempenho. As análises de fiabilidade mostram uma consistência interna adequada quer para as três sub-dimensões, quer para a escala global. As implicações para a investigação e aplicabilidade deste instrumento são discutidas.
- Aeromicologia de Lisboa e a sua relação com os fatores meteorológicosPublication . Ferro, Raquel; Nunes, Carlos; Caeiro, Elsa; Camacho, Irene; Paiva, Miguel; Morais-Almeida, MárioIntrodução: Os esporos de fungos como o Cladosporium e a Alternaria presentes em ambientes outdoor são responsáveis pelo desencadeamento de reações alérgicas. Assim sendo, o estudo aeromicológico de uma zona geográfica é importante. Objetivos: Identificar e quantificar os tipos de esporos de fungos presentes na atmosfera de Lisboa e analisar a influência dos fatores meteorológicos nas suas concentrações, de modo a conhecer a sua variação sazonal. Metodologia: Analisaram -se os dados das monitorizações da estação de Lisboa da Rede Portuguesa de Aerobiologia (RPA) de esporos de fungos, de 1 de janeiro a 31 de dezembro de 2013. Usou -se um captador Burkard Seven Day Volumetric Spore -trap® e um sistema de leitura ao microscópio ótico com uma ampliação de 400x. A influência dos fatores meteorológicos sobre as concentrações dos esporos foi avaliada pela análise da correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Coletaram -se 657 922 esporos de fungos com uma concentração média diária de 1803 esporos de fungos/m3. Os tipos de esporos de fungos mais abundantes foram: Cladosporium cladosporoide (53,6 %), Amanita (8,8 %), Ustilago (4,3 %), Leptosphaeria (4,2 %), Coprinus (4,0 %) Cladosporium herbarum (3,7 %), Mycospharella (3,4 %), Boletus (2,1 %), Aspergillus -Penicillium (1,8 %), Agaricus (1,4 %) e Alternaria (1,1 %). As concentrações mais elevadas de esporos de fungos registaram -se entre o final da primavera e o outono. Em outubro obteve -se o índice mais elevado, 172 507 de esporos de fungos/m3. A temperatura média apresenta uma correlação positiva com as concentrações de conídios, com os esporos totais e uma correlação negativa com os níveis de ascósporos. A humidade relativa e a precipitação apresentaram um efeito positivo com os ascósporos, mas negativo com os fungos anamórficos, mixomicetos e esporos totais. Os basidiósporos apresentaram correlação positiva apenas com a precipitação. A velocidade média do vento foi estatisticamente negativa com os fungos anamórficos e basidiósporos e com os esporos totais. Conclusões: O estudo permitiu caracterizar a distribuição intra -anual dos esporos fúngicos em Lisboa, facilitando o planeamento de estudos para avaliação de sensibilização alérgica e seu eventual impacto clínico.
- Development of cereal bars with adequate nutritional profile for each trimester of pregnancy– An exploratory studyPublication . Montenegro, Sara Sofia; Raposo, António; Sousa, Bruno; Tavares, NelsonNutrition plays a crucial role in pregnancy as it may help to prevent pregnancy complications and fetal pathologies. It is beneficial for pregnant women to have a fractionated alimentation, as it minimizes symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum and reduces the increased risk of hypoglycemia. The objective of this study was the preparation of three cereal bars, each one suitable for a trimester of pregnancy for pregnant women without known nutritional deficiency or pathology. Three cereal bars with a common base were obtained, to which were added nutritionally adequate ingredients for the nutritional needs of each respective trimester. The bars respected the increase of the caloric intake during the pregnancy, but, in terms of micronutrients, it was verified that no micronutrient has reached the total Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) through the consumption of two cereal bars. Still, these bars may become important tools for adherence and maintenance of healthy alimentation by the pregnant woman.
- Augmented Human Assistance (AHA)Publication . Bermúdez i Badia, Sergi; Odekerken-Schröder, Gaby; Mahr, Dominik; Čaić, Martina; Lee, Min Hun; Siewiorek, Dan; Smailagic, Assim; Gamboa, Hugo; Belo, David; Carnide, Maria Filomena Araújo da Costa Cruz; Baptista, Maria de Fátima Marcelina; Simão, Hugo; Avelino, João; Sousa, Honorato; Paulino, Teresa; Gonçalves, Afonso; Cardona, John Muñoz; Cameirão, Mónica S.; Bernardino, Alexandre; Gouveia, Élvio RúbioAging and sedentarism are two main challenges for social and health systems in modern societies. To face these challenges a new generation of ICT based solutions is being developed to promote active aging, prevent sedentarism and find new tools to support the large populations of patients that suffer chronic conditions as result of aging. Such solutions have the potential to transform healthcare by optimizing resource allocation, reducing costs, improving diagno ses and enabling novel therapies, thus increasing quality of life. The primary goal of the “AHA: Augmented Human Assistance” project is to de velop novel assistive technologies to promote exercise among the elderly and patients of motor disabilities. For exercise programs to be effective, it is essential that users and patients comply with the prescribed schedule and perform the ex ercises following established protocols. Until now this has been achieved by hu man monitoring in rehabilitation and therapy session, where the clinicians or therapists permanently accompany users or patient. In many cases, exercises are prescribed for home performance, in which case it is not possible to validate their execution. In this context, the AHA project is an integrative and cross-discipli nary approach of 4 Portuguese universities, the CMU, and 2 Portuguese industry partners, that combines innovation and fundamental research in the areas of hu man-computer interaction, robotics, serious games and physiological computing (see partner list in Appendix A). In the project, we capitalize on recent innova tions and aim at enriching the capabilities and range of application of assistive devices via the combination of (1) assistive robotics; (2) technologies that use well-understood motivational techniques to induce people to do their exercises in the first place, and to do them correctly and completely; (3) tailored and relevant guidance in regard to health care and social support and activities; and (4) tech nologies to self-monitoring and sharing of progress with health-care provider enabling clinicians to fine-tune the exercise regimen to suit the participant’s ac tual progress. We highlight the development of a set of exergames (serious games controlled by the movement of the user’s body limbs) specifically designed for the needs of the target population according to best practices in sports and human kinetics sciences. The games can be adapted to the limitations of the users (e.g. to play in a sitting position) so a large fraction of the population can benefit from them. The games can be executed with biofeedback provided from wearable sensors, to pro duce more controlled exercise benefits. The games can be played in multi-user settings, either in cooperative or competitive mode, to promote the social rela tions among players. The games contain regional motives to trigger memories from the past and other gamification techniques that keep the users involved in the exercise program. The games are projected in the environment through aug mented reality techniques that create a more immersive and engaging experience than conventional displays. Virtual coach techniques are able to monitor the cor rectness of the exercise and provide immediate guidance to the user, as well as providing reports for therapists. A socially assistive robot can play the role of the coach and provide an additional socio-cognitive dimension to the experience to complement the role of the therapist. A web service that records the users’ per formances and allows the authorized therapists to access and configure the exer cise program provides a valuable management tool for caregivers and clinical staff. It can also provide a social network for players, increasing adherence to the therapies. We have performed several end-user studies that validate the proposed ap proaches. Together, or in isolation, these solutions provide users, caregivers, health professionals and institutions, valuable tools for health promotion, disease monitoring and prevention.
- Recent therapeutic applications of the theranostic principle with dendrimers in oncologyPublication . Mignani, Serge; Rodrigues, João; Tomás, Helena; Caminade, Anne-marie; Laurent, Régis; Shi, Xiangyang; Majoral, Jean-PierreAt the intersection between treatment and diagnosis,nanoparticlestechnologiesarestronglyimpactingthe development of both therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Consequently, the development of novel modalities for concomitant noninvasive therapy and diagnostics known as theranostics as a single platform has gained significant interests. These multifunctional theranostic platforms include carbon-based nanomaterials (e.g., carbon nanotubes), drug conjugates, aliphatic polymers, micelles, vesicles, core-shell nanoparticles,microbubblesanddendrimersbearingdifferent contrastagentsanddrugs,suchascytotoxiccompoundsinthe oncology domain. Dendrimers emerged as a new class of highly tunable hyperbranched polymers, and have been developed as useful theranostic platforms. Magnetic resonance imaging, gamma scintigraphy, computed tomography and optical imaging are the main techniques developed with dendrimers in the theranostic domain in oncology. Different imaging agents have been used such as Gd(III), 19F, Fe2O3 (MRI), 76Br (PET), 111In, 88Y, 153Gd, 188Re, 131I (SPECT), 177Lu, gold (CT) and boronated groups, siliconnaphthalocyanines, dialkylcarbocyanines and QDs (optical imaging dyes).