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Publication
A diferença entre o treino e a competição para o treinador de futebol
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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação explora, de forma aprofundada, as perceções dos Treinadores de
Futebol acerca da influência do treino sobre o desempenho em competições. Recorreu-se
a um questionário validado para a recolha de dados. A investigação realizou-se na Região
Autónoma da Madeira com o objetivo de compreender a perspetiva que o Treinador de
Futebol tem sobre o jogador, tanto em contexto de treino como de competição.
Precedida por uma revisão bibliográfica, a pesquisa abrangeu aspetos
determinantes, como o papel do Treinador, a importância da formação para treinadores,
a relevância dos jogos reduzidos, o treino mental no Futebol, e a transição entre o contexto
de treino e a competição. A construção e validação do questionário, com base no método
de Delphi (De Freitas & Marques, 2018), permitiu uma análise sólida e precisa dos dados
recolhidos.
Os resultados mostraram que as dificuldades dos treinadores variam conforme sua
experiência e formação. No treino, os principais desafios são a concentração, a tática e a
técnica, enquanto a fadiga física foi pouco mencionada, especialmente por treinadores
mais jovens. Em competição, os maiores obstáculos são a tomada de decisão sob pressão,
com diferenças entre os treinadores jovens e os experientes em relação ao stress, foco e
trabalho em equipa.
Verificou-se que os fatores psicológicos e ambientais são cruciais para o
desempenho dos jogadores, independentemente da formação dos treinadores. Treinadores
mais qualificados (UEFA A e PRO) utilizam com mais frequência exercícios com
adversários variados. Os jogos reduzidos foram amplamente reconhecidos como eficazes
para fortalecer a resiliência mental, destacando-se pela intensidade e competitividade.
Os resultados mostraram que os treinadores mais experientes relataram maiores
dificuldades com a concentração e condição física dos jogadores, enquanto os de escalões
superiores enfrentaram desafios relacionados com a tática e com a tomada de decisão.
Essas conclusões permitem destacar a importância de estratégias de treino adaptadas às
características individuais dos jogadores, evidenciando a necessidade de uma abordagem
personalizada e integrada no Futebol contemporâneo.
This dissertation explores in depth the perceptions of football coaches about the influence of training on performance in competitions, using a validated questionnaire for data collection. The research was carried out in the Autonomous Region of Madeira, with the aim of understanding the football coach's perspective of the player, both in the training and competition context. Preceded by a literature review, the research covered fundamental topics such as the role of the coach, the importance of training for coaches, the relevance of reduced games, mental training in football, and the transition between the training context and competition. The construction and validation of the questionnaire, based on the Delphi method (Marques & De Freitas, 2018), allowed for a solid and accurate analysis of the data collected. The results showed that coaches' difficulties vary according to their experience and training. In training, the main challenges are concentration, tactics, and technique, while physical fatigue was barely mentioned, especially by younger coaches. In competition, the biggest obstacles are decision-making under pressure, with differences between young and experienced coaches in relation to stress, focus and teamwork. It was found that psychological and environmental factors are crucial to the players performance, regardless of the coaches’ training. More qualified coaches (UEFA A and PRO) use drills with varied opponents more often. Small-sided games have been widely recognized as effective in strengthening mental resilience and are notable for their intensity and competitiveness. It was found that more experienced coaches reported greater difficulties with athletes' concentration and physical condition, while those at higher levels faced challenges related to tactics and decision-making. These findings highlight the importance of training strategies adapted to the individual characteristics of players, highlighting the need for a personalized and integrated approach in contemporary football.
This dissertation explores in depth the perceptions of football coaches about the influence of training on performance in competitions, using a validated questionnaire for data collection. The research was carried out in the Autonomous Region of Madeira, with the aim of understanding the football coach's perspective of the player, both in the training and competition context. Preceded by a literature review, the research covered fundamental topics such as the role of the coach, the importance of training for coaches, the relevance of reduced games, mental training in football, and the transition between the training context and competition. The construction and validation of the questionnaire, based on the Delphi method (Marques & De Freitas, 2018), allowed for a solid and accurate analysis of the data collected. The results showed that coaches' difficulties vary according to their experience and training. In training, the main challenges are concentration, tactics, and technique, while physical fatigue was barely mentioned, especially by younger coaches. In competition, the biggest obstacles are decision-making under pressure, with differences between young and experienced coaches in relation to stress, focus and teamwork. It was found that psychological and environmental factors are crucial to the players performance, regardless of the coaches’ training. More qualified coaches (UEFA A and PRO) use drills with varied opponents more often. Small-sided games have been widely recognized as effective in strengthening mental resilience and are notable for their intensity and competitiveness. It was found that more experienced coaches reported greater difficulties with athletes' concentration and physical condition, while those at higher levels faced challenges related to tactics and decision-making. These findings highlight the importance of training strategies adapted to the individual characteristics of players, highlighting the need for a personalized and integrated approach in contemporary football.
Description
Keywords
Treinador Formação Questionário Treino e competição Coach Training Questionnaire Training and competition Atividade Física e Desporto .