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Efeitos de um programa de intervenção sócio-ecológico em indicadores cardiovasculares, adiposidade, atividades físicas e sedentárias em crianças e adolescentes
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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação é composta por seis estudos e possui como objetivos: (i) caracterizar e determinar a prevalência de obesidade, indicadores cardiovasculares, atividade física e atividades sedentárias; (ii) estudar a relação da adiposidade com indicadores cardiovasculares; (iii) identificar a influência de fatores comportamentais e ambientais, na adiposidade; (iv) elaborar uma análise preliminar dos efeitos de um programa de intervenção sócio-ecológico na adiposidade, indicadores cardiovasculares, atividade física e atividades sedentárias. Os participantes nos estudos tinham idades entre os 10 e 17,9 anos, foram avaliados na altura, peso, perímetro da cintura e pregas de adiposidade tricipital e geminal. A capacidade cardiorrespiratória foi determinada através do teste do vaivém e para a síndrome metabólica, avaliadas a pressão arterial, perímetro da cintura, HDL, triglicerídeos e glicose. A atividade física, atividades sedentárias e maturação sexual foram avaliados por autorrelato. O programa de intervenção durou 16 meses e centrouse em quatro componentes: recreios, oferta de atividades organizadas, atividades educacionais e formação docente. Como principais resultados destacam-se: (i) a elevada prevalência de obesidade e tempo em atividades sedentárias, reduzidos níveis de atividade física e capacidade cardiorrespiratória; (ii) com o aumento da idade, verifica-se que os participantes passam mais tempo em atividades sedentárias, apresentam menores níveis de atividade física e da capacidade cardiorrespiratória e uma deterioração do perfil metabólico; (iii) uma forte associação entre a adiposidade e os indicadores cardiovasculares; (iv) a alimentação, a atividade física e o envolvimento como fatores etiológicos da adiposidade; (v) o grupo de intervenção apresenta uma redução dos níveis de adiposidade, estabilização dos níveis de atividade física e da capacidade cardiorrespiratória, e um aumento do tempo gasto em atividades sedentárias. Torna-se evidente a necessidade da elaboração de programas de intervenção de promoção de hábitos de vida saudável. Programas de intervenção socio-ecológicos podem facilitar a diminuição da adiposidade.
This dissertation consists of six studies and its objectives are to: (i) characterize and determine the prevalence of obesity, cardiovascular indicators, physical activity and sedentary activities, (ii) study the relationship between adiposity and cardiovascular indicators, (iii) identify the influence of behavioral and environmental factors on adiposity, (iv) do a preliminary analysis of the effects of a socio-ecological intervention program on adiposity, cardiovascular indicators, physical activity and sedentary activities. Participants in the study were aged between 10 and 17.9 years, and were assessed in height, weight, waist circumference and triceps and calf skinfolds. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed with the shuttle run test and the metabolic syndrome diagnostic based on measures of blood pressure, waist circumference, HDL, triglycerides and glucose. Physical activity, sedentary activities and sexual maturation were assessed by self-report. The intervention program lasted 16 months and focused on four components: provision of organized activities and recreation, educational activities and teacher training. The main results are: (i) the high prevalence of obesity and time in sedentary activities, reduced levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness, (ii) with increasing age, it appears that participants spend more time on sedentary activities, have lower levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory capacity and deterioration of the metabolic profile (v) a strong association between adiposity and cardiovascular indicators, (vi) food, physical activity and environment as risk factors for adiposity; (vi) the intervention group shows a reduction in levels of adiposity, stabilization of the levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory capacity, and an increase in time spent in sedentary activities. It becomes evident the need for development of intervention programs to promote habits for healthy living. Socio-ecological intervention programs can facilitate the decrease of adiposity.
This dissertation consists of six studies and its objectives are to: (i) characterize and determine the prevalence of obesity, cardiovascular indicators, physical activity and sedentary activities, (ii) study the relationship between adiposity and cardiovascular indicators, (iii) identify the influence of behavioral and environmental factors on adiposity, (iv) do a preliminary analysis of the effects of a socio-ecological intervention program on adiposity, cardiovascular indicators, physical activity and sedentary activities. Participants in the study were aged between 10 and 17.9 years, and were assessed in height, weight, waist circumference and triceps and calf skinfolds. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed with the shuttle run test and the metabolic syndrome diagnostic based on measures of blood pressure, waist circumference, HDL, triglycerides and glucose. Physical activity, sedentary activities and sexual maturation were assessed by self-report. The intervention program lasted 16 months and focused on four components: provision of organized activities and recreation, educational activities and teacher training. The main results are: (i) the high prevalence of obesity and time in sedentary activities, reduced levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness, (ii) with increasing age, it appears that participants spend more time on sedentary activities, have lower levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory capacity and deterioration of the metabolic profile (v) a strong association between adiposity and cardiovascular indicators, (vi) food, physical activity and environment as risk factors for adiposity; (vi) the intervention group shows a reduction in levels of adiposity, stabilization of the levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory capacity, and an increase in time spent in sedentary activities. It becomes evident the need for development of intervention programs to promote habits for healthy living. Socio-ecological intervention programs can facilitate the decrease of adiposity.
Description
Keywords
Adiposidade Indicadores cardiovasculares Atividade física Envolvimento Intervenção Adolescentes Obesity Cardiovascular indicators Physical activity Environment Intervention Adolescents . Faculdade de Ciências Sociais