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Trabalho noturno e por turnos: as suas implicações na saúde e segurança dos trabalhadores da hotelaria
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Abstract(s)
O trabalho noturno sempre existiu desde os primórdios da humanidade, sendo que para
acompanhar o desenvolvimento da sociedade atual, este está cada vez mais em vigor.
O ritmo circadiano tem a duração de aproximadamente 24 horas, é conhecido como relógio
biológico e controla o estado de alerta, o sono, a produção hormonal, a temperatura
corporal e a função dos órgãos do corpo. O sono é importante para manter a qualidade de
vida e essencial para que o indivíduo possa manter a integridade física e mental. Trabalhar
durante o período noturno afeta a saúde dos trabalhadores, leva a um maior desgaste físico
e psicológico, ao envelhecimento precoce e afeta a vida social. O trabalho à noite leva a
um menor rendimento e a maiores dificuldades de descanso, tornando-se um fator de risco
para a saúde dos trabalhadores. Quem desempenha as suas funções no turno da noite,
considera vantajoso a nível financeiro, além de poder ter um outro trabalho durante o dia.
A legislação laboral prevê excecionalmente aos trabalhadores noturnos uma compensação
remuneratória adicional, bem como medidas de proteção ao trabalhador por turnos e
noturno, nomeadamente ao nível da sua saúde e tempos de descanso. Os
estabelecimentos hoteleiros de quatro e cinco estrelas são mais propensos ao trabalho por
turnos e noturno.
O grupo Hoti Hotéis na ilha da Madeira, representado pelo hotel Meliá Madeira Mare e pelo
hotel Golden Residence, foi alvo do caso de estudo sobre o Trabalho por Turnos e Noturno
e as suas Implicações na Saúde e Segurança dos Trabalhadores da Hotelaria, com a
aplicação de questionário a todos os trabalhadores.
Deste modo, pretende-se verificar se existe uma relação direta entre o trabalho por turnos
e noturno e os níveis de cansaço e o seu impacto na saúde e na segurança dos
trabalhadores.
The night work has always existed since the beginnings of humanity, and to keep up with the development of today's society, it is increasingly in force. The circadian rhythm lasts approximately 24 hours, it is known as the biological clock, and controls the alertness, the sleep, the hormone production, the body temperature, and the function of the body's organs. Sleep is important to maintain the quality of life and it is essential for the individual to maintain physical and mental integrity. Working during the night affects the workers' health, leads to a greater physical and psychological pressure, leads to premature aging and also affects social life. Furthermore, working during the night leads to a lower efficiency and to greater difficulties when it comes to resting, making it a risk factor for the workers' health. On the other hand, those who perform their functions on these shifts consider it financially advantageous, in addition to being able to have another job during the day. The labour laws exceptionally provides night workers with an additional wage. It also provides for protection measures for shift and night workers, namely in terms of their health and rest time. Four- and five-star hotel establishments are more prone to shift and night work. The Hoti Hotéis group located on the island of Madeira, represented by the Meliá Madeira Mare hotel and the Golden Residence hotel, was the object of a study about shifts and night shifts and its consequences in the health and safety of hospitality workers, by carrying out a questionnaire to all the staff. The aim of this survey is to verify whether there is a direct relationship between shift and night shift and the levels of fatigue and its impact on workers' health and safety.
The night work has always existed since the beginnings of humanity, and to keep up with the development of today's society, it is increasingly in force. The circadian rhythm lasts approximately 24 hours, it is known as the biological clock, and controls the alertness, the sleep, the hormone production, the body temperature, and the function of the body's organs. Sleep is important to maintain the quality of life and it is essential for the individual to maintain physical and mental integrity. Working during the night affects the workers' health, leads to a greater physical and psychological pressure, leads to premature aging and also affects social life. Furthermore, working during the night leads to a lower efficiency and to greater difficulties when it comes to resting, making it a risk factor for the workers' health. On the other hand, those who perform their functions on these shifts consider it financially advantageous, in addition to being able to have another job during the day. The labour laws exceptionally provides night workers with an additional wage. It also provides for protection measures for shift and night workers, namely in terms of their health and rest time. Four- and five-star hotel establishments are more prone to shift and night work. The Hoti Hotéis group located on the island of Madeira, represented by the Meliá Madeira Mare hotel and the Golden Residence hotel, was the object of a study about shifts and night shifts and its consequences in the health and safety of hospitality workers, by carrying out a questionnaire to all the staff. The aim of this survey is to verify whether there is a direct relationship between shift and night shift and the levels of fatigue and its impact on workers' health and safety.
Description
Keywords
Hotelaria Ritmo circadiano Saúde Trabalho por turnos Trabalho noturno Circadian rhythm Health Hospitality Night work Shift work Gestão Hoteleira . Escola Superior de Tecnologias e Gestão