Publication
O vidro na indústria da construção
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| 16.97 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A aplicação do vidro na construção tem registado, ao longo do tempo, um crescimento gradual na construção civil, com múltiplos propósitos, tais como janelas, guarda corpos, pavimento entre outros. O desenvolvimento tecnológico e a investigação científica têm contribuído para a introdução de novas técnicas de produção e emprego deste material, deixando a sua utilização à mercê da criatividade dos arquitetos. Um dos objetivos deste trabalho é analisar a evolução do uso do vidro como material de construção civil, desde o seu descobrimento até aos dias atuais, demonstrando as tecnologias utilizadas na sua fabricação, especificação e instalação.
Este material apresenta um conjunto de características mecânicas que, do ponto de vista estrutural, oferecem algumas limitações a serem devidamente acauteladas, sendo a mais relevante a sua fragilidade quando quer vencer vãos de grande dimensão. A presente dissertação procura explorar os referidos limites, culminando com a realização de um estudo sobre o cálculo da espessura de um vidro, a aplicar numa fachada de uma habitação, sendo apresentadas quatro soluções para o respetivo apuramento.
Considerando que, por regra, as características dos vidros a serem aplicados nas obras são determinadas com recurso à opinião das vidreiras, neste trabalho foi igualmente estabelecida uma comparação entre alguns métodos de cálculo para determinar a sua espessura e uma solução apresentada por uma vidreira.
Assim, esta dissertação visa auxiliar na seleção e especificação dos vidros a aplicar em diferentes cenários, e que, de uma escolha informada e atualizada, seja selecionado o material que maximize o conforto dos seus utilizadores e a eficácia da luz natural, reduzindo o consumo de energia.
Glass application in construction has registered, over time, a gradual increase in civil construction, having multiple purposes for windows, guard rails, pavements and others. Technological development and scientific research have contributed to the introduction of new production techniques and use of this material, leaving their utilization at the mercy of the creativity of the architects. One of the objectives of this work is to analyze the evolution of the use of glass as a civil construction material, from its discovery to current time, demonstrating the technologies used in the manufacture, specification and installation. This material presents a set of mechanical characteristics that, from a structural point of view, offers some limitations to be adequately taken care of, the most relevant being its fragility to overcome large spans. The present dissertation aims to explore these limits, culminating with the realization of a study on the calculation of the thickness of a glass, to be applied on a façade of a dwelling, having four solutions presented for the respective clearance. Considering, that rule, the characteristics of the glasses to be applied in the works are determined using the opinion of the glassmakers, a comparison was also made in this work between some calculation methods, to determine their thickness, and a solution presented by a glassmaker. The aim of this dissertation is to assist in the selection and specification of the glasses to be applied in different scenarios and that, with an informed and current selection, the selected material will maximize the comfort of its users and the effectiveness of natural light, reducing consumption power.
Glass application in construction has registered, over time, a gradual increase in civil construction, having multiple purposes for windows, guard rails, pavements and others. Technological development and scientific research have contributed to the introduction of new production techniques and use of this material, leaving their utilization at the mercy of the creativity of the architects. One of the objectives of this work is to analyze the evolution of the use of glass as a civil construction material, from its discovery to current time, demonstrating the technologies used in the manufacture, specification and installation. This material presents a set of mechanical characteristics that, from a structural point of view, offers some limitations to be adequately taken care of, the most relevant being its fragility to overcome large spans. The present dissertation aims to explore these limits, culminating with the realization of a study on the calculation of the thickness of a glass, to be applied on a façade of a dwelling, having four solutions presented for the respective clearance. Considering, that rule, the characteristics of the glasses to be applied in the works are determined using the opinion of the glassmakers, a comparison was also made in this work between some calculation methods, to determine their thickness, and a solution presented by a glassmaker. The aim of this dissertation is to assist in the selection and specification of the glasses to be applied in different scenarios and that, with an informed and current selection, the selected material will maximize the comfort of its users and the effectiveness of natural light, reducing consumption power.
Description
Keywords
Fachadas de vidro Vidro Vidro duplo Vidro laminado Glass facades Glass Double glass Laminated glass Engenharia Civil . Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia