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Inspeção e caracterização de patologias em edifícios de habitação visando a sua reabilitação
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 11.49 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Atualmente, existe uma enorme diversidade de patologias que podem afetar os elementos construtivos dos edifícios existentes, colocando em causa a sua integridade estrutural. Nesta dissertação pretende-se caracterizar as patologias em três edifícios habitacionais implantados na RAM, no Concelho do Funchal, na freguesia do Imaculado Coração de Maria, analisando as suas possíveis causas, definindo prioridades de intervenção e posteriormente soluções de reabilitação para as mesmas.
Este trabalho insere-se num projeto denominado “UMa Intervenção”, sendo referente a um programa de apoio a famílias carenciadas, cujos baixos rendimentos afetam a sua qualidade de vida repercutindo-se nas suas habitações. Este projeto, cuja finalidade é a elaboração de um relatório técnico de reabilitação de cada habitação, conta com a colaboração dos seguintes intervenientes: Grupo de Engenharia Civil da UMa (GECUMa), Departamento da Pastoral do Ensino Superior da UMa (DPESUMa) e direção autárquica local (Junta de Freguesia do Imaculado Coração de Maria).
Para este fim, numa primeira instância, procede-se a uma pesquisa bibliográfica de informações acerca do tema, nomeadamente aspetos a ter em consideração ao reabilitar um edifício e respetivas influências no desempenho do mesmo, assim como algumas metodologias de análise de anomalias divulgadas.
Com recurso às metodologias pesquisadas, são elaboradas Fichas de Intervenção/Registo, de forma a simplificar o levantamento e a caracterização das patologias observadas no local, servindo de ferramenta imprescindível durante a inspeção às habitações.
Após a inspeção aos edifícios habitacionais, onde foi necessário executar medições e respetivo retrato fotográfico para posterior elaboração das plantas base relativas a cada habitação, procede-se à análise do estado de degradação do edifício, caracterizando as patologias encontradas. De seguida, define-se prioridades de intervenção, onde são propostas soluções de reabilitação, com base no mapa de quantidades elaborado para este termo, juntamente com os orçamentos disponibilizados por parte dos fornecedores selecionados. Nesta fase foi necessário proceder a uma análise orçamental, partindo das propostas economicamente mais vantajosas para ulterior sugestão de um possível planeamento das tarefas a serem executadas para a reabilitação.
Por fim, são expostas as conclusões, bem como possíveis sugestões para trabalhos futuros.
Nowadays there is a huge variety of pathologies that may affect the constructive elements of the existing buildings compromising their structural integrity. In this essay, it is intended to characterize the existing pathologies in three residential buildings implanted in the RAM, in the city of Funchal, in the parish of Imaculado Coração de Maria, analyzing their possible causes, setting intervention priorities and later suggesting rehabilitation solutions for each one. This work is part of a project named “UMa Intervenção” which is a supporting program for poor families whose low incomes affect their quality of life and therefore having an impact in their houses. The purpose of this project is to elaborate a rehabilitation technical report for each house with the support of the following participants: the civil engineering group of UMa (GECUMa), Higher Education Pastoral Department of UMa (DPESUMa) and The President of the parish of Imaculado Coração de Maria. To this end, in the first instance, a bibliographic research was done for information about the subject, namely aspects to consider when it is intended to rehabilitate a building and their influence in its performance as well as some analysis methodologies of disclosed deficiencies. Using the methodologies researched, intervention/register files were created in order to simplify the survey and the characterization of the pathologies observed in the place and being used as an indispensable tool during the supervision of the houses. After the supervision of the residential buildings where it was necessary to perform measurements and its photography sketch for further elaboration of the base plans of each house, we proceed to the analysis of the building degradation, characterizing the pathologies found. Then we determine the intervention priorities where rehabilitation solutions are suggested based on the map of quantities elaborated for this term, together with the budgets presented by the selected suppliers. On this basis, it was necessary to proceed to a budget analysis, based on the best proposals in terms of economic advantages for further suggestion of a possible planning of the tasks to be performed for the rehabilitation. At last, the conclusions will be presented as well as possible suggestions for future works.
Nowadays there is a huge variety of pathologies that may affect the constructive elements of the existing buildings compromising their structural integrity. In this essay, it is intended to characterize the existing pathologies in three residential buildings implanted in the RAM, in the city of Funchal, in the parish of Imaculado Coração de Maria, analyzing their possible causes, setting intervention priorities and later suggesting rehabilitation solutions for each one. This work is part of a project named “UMa Intervenção” which is a supporting program for poor families whose low incomes affect their quality of life and therefore having an impact in their houses. The purpose of this project is to elaborate a rehabilitation technical report for each house with the support of the following participants: the civil engineering group of UMa (GECUMa), Higher Education Pastoral Department of UMa (DPESUMa) and The President of the parish of Imaculado Coração de Maria. To this end, in the first instance, a bibliographic research was done for information about the subject, namely aspects to consider when it is intended to rehabilitate a building and their influence in its performance as well as some analysis methodologies of disclosed deficiencies. Using the methodologies researched, intervention/register files were created in order to simplify the survey and the characterization of the pathologies observed in the place and being used as an indispensable tool during the supervision of the houses. After the supervision of the residential buildings where it was necessary to perform measurements and its photography sketch for further elaboration of the base plans of each house, we proceed to the analysis of the building degradation, characterizing the pathologies found. Then we determine the intervention priorities where rehabilitation solutions are suggested based on the map of quantities elaborated for this term, together with the budgets presented by the selected suppliers. On this basis, it was necessary to proceed to a budget analysis, based on the best proposals in terms of economic advantages for further suggestion of a possible planning of the tasks to be performed for the rehabilitation. At last, the conclusions will be presented as well as possible suggestions for future works.
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Keywords
Inspeção Intervenção Orçamentação Patologias Reabilitação Inspection Intervention Budgeting Pathologies Rehabilitation Engenharia Civil . Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia