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Caracterização hidráulica, hidrológica e de transporte sólido do evento de 20 de fevereiro de 2010 na bacia hidrográfica da Ribeira de Santa Luzia - Ilha da Madeira
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Em consequência ao temporal que atingiu a Ilha da Madeira no dia 20 de Fevereiro de
2010, o Governo Regional da Madeira através da Secretaria do Equipamento Social
decidiu fazer uma investigação sobre a Avaliação dos Riscos de Aluviões na Ilha da
Madeira. Este estudo pretendeu analisar este tipo de fenómenos, Aluviões, para
identificar problemas e posteriormente corrigi-los. Assim, foi pedido ao Instituto
Superior Técnico, à Universidade da Madeira e ao LREC (Laboratório Regional de
Engenharia Civil), que em parceria realizassem este estudo. O estudo incidiu sobre as
zonas mais afectadas pelo temporal de dia 20, o Funchal e a Ribeira Brava. Foram
estudadas as bacias das ribeiras da Ribeira Brava, Tabua, São João, Santa Luzia e João
Gomes.
No presente trabalho, o autor ficou encarregue de fazer o estudo sobre a bacia
hidrográfica da Ribeira de Santa Luzia.
Primeiramente, efectuou-se uma abordagem sobre a caracterização biofísica da Ilha da
Madeira, para depois particularizar à bacia em estudo. Fez-se referência ao histórico das
aluviões que atingiram anteriormente a ilha da Madeira e ao evento de 20 de Fevereiro.
Caracterizou-se geomorfológicamente a bacia hidrográfica, através de sistemas de
informação geográfica, para uma melhor percepção do comportamento da bacia a
cheias rápidas. Por último, o trabalho prático consistiu na selecção de secções, recolha e
tratamento dos dados efectuados nas visitas ao terreno. Esta selecção teve como base
critérios pré-estabelecidos. Após a recolha desses dados, estimaram-se os caudais
máximos no pico de cheia e caudais posteriores ao evento, assim como as respectivas
velocidades de escoamento. Foram igualmente estimados, através de fotos e vídeos, os
volumes de material sólido depositados ao longo do curso de água principal da bacia da
ribeira de Santa Luzia e em locais fora deste. Além desta estimativa, fez-se uma
caracterização granulométrica percentual do material depositado. Por fim,
identificaram-se os locais de inundação, zonas de depósito de material e áreas com
danos em infra-estruturas.
As a result of the storm that struck the island of Madeira on February 20, 2010, the Regional Government of Madeira trough Secretaria do Equipamento Social decided to do Risk Assessment on this phenomenon in Madeira Island. This study aims to analyze the behavior of these phenomenon, Alluvial, in order to identify problems to correct in the future. Thus, the Government asked the Instituto Superior Técnico, the University of Madeira and the LREC (Regional Laboratory of Civil Engineering), to carry out this study together. The study is focused on the areas most affected by the storm of February 20, wich were Funchal and Ribeira Brava. The streams of Ribeira Brava, Tabua, São João, Santa Luzia and João Gomes were studied in detail. In this work, the author was assigned to perform a study on the basin of the Ribeira of Santa Luzia. First, an approach on the biophysical characterization of Madeira was made, followed up by an individualized study of the watershed. Then, the history of earlier floods that hit the Madeira Island and the February 20 event were referred. The watershed was geomorphologically characterized through geographic information systems to gain better insights into the behavior of the basin to flash floods. Finally, the practical work consisted in selecting sections, data collection and processing carried out on field visits. This selection was based on predetermined criteria. After collecting these data, the author estimated flow rates in the maximum flood peak flow and post-event, as well as their flow velocities. Were also estimated, through pictures and videos, the volumes of solid material deposited along the main watercourse of the river basin of Santa Luzia and in places out of this. In addition to this estimate, it was a size grain percentage of the material deposited. Finally, the author identified the local flood zones, material deposition and areas with infrastructure damage.
As a result of the storm that struck the island of Madeira on February 20, 2010, the Regional Government of Madeira trough Secretaria do Equipamento Social decided to do Risk Assessment on this phenomenon in Madeira Island. This study aims to analyze the behavior of these phenomenon, Alluvial, in order to identify problems to correct in the future. Thus, the Government asked the Instituto Superior Técnico, the University of Madeira and the LREC (Regional Laboratory of Civil Engineering), to carry out this study together. The study is focused on the areas most affected by the storm of February 20, wich were Funchal and Ribeira Brava. The streams of Ribeira Brava, Tabua, São João, Santa Luzia and João Gomes were studied in detail. In this work, the author was assigned to perform a study on the basin of the Ribeira of Santa Luzia. First, an approach on the biophysical characterization of Madeira was made, followed up by an individualized study of the watershed. Then, the history of earlier floods that hit the Madeira Island and the February 20 event were referred. The watershed was geomorphologically characterized through geographic information systems to gain better insights into the behavior of the basin to flash floods. Finally, the practical work consisted in selecting sections, data collection and processing carried out on field visits. This selection was based on predetermined criteria. After collecting these data, the author estimated flow rates in the maximum flood peak flow and post-event, as well as their flow velocities. Were also estimated, through pictures and videos, the volumes of solid material deposited along the main watercourse of the river basin of Santa Luzia and in places out of this. In addition to this estimate, it was a size grain percentage of the material deposited. Finally, the author identified the local flood zones, material deposition and areas with infrastructure damage.
Description
Keywords
Hidráulica Hidrologia Transporte de sólidos Bacia hidrográfica da Ribeira de Santa Luzia, Madeira (Portugal) Ribeira de Santa Luzia, Madeira (Portugal) Catástrofes naturais Engenharia Civil . Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia