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A critical analysis of the potential for EU Common Agricultural Policy measures to support wild pollinators on farmland

2020-04Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorCole, Lorna J
dc.contributor.authorKleijn, David
dc.contributor.authorDicks, Lynn V
dc.contributor.authorStout, Jane C
dc.contributor.authorPotts, Simon G
dc.contributor.authorAlbrecht, Matthias
dc.contributor.authorBalzan, Mario V
dc.contributor.authorBartomeus, Ignasi
dc.contributor.authorBebeli, Penelope J.
dc.contributor.authorBevk, Danilo
dc.contributor.authorBiesmeijer, Jacobus C
dc.contributor.authorChlebo, Róbert
dc.contributor.authorDautartė, Anželika
dc.contributor.authorEmmanouil, Nikolaos
dc.contributor.authorHartfield, Chris
dc.contributor.authorHolland, John M
dc.contributor.authorHolzschuh, Andrea
dc.contributor.authorKnoben, Nieke T J
dc.contributor.authorKovács-Hostyánszki, Anikó
dc.contributor.authorMandelik, Yael
dc.contributor.authorPanou, Heleni
dc.contributor.authorPaxton, Robert J
dc.contributor.authorPetanidou, Theodora
dc.contributor.authorCarvalho, Miguel A. A. Pinheiro de
dc.contributor.authorRundlöf, Maj
dc.contributor.authorSarthou, Jean-Pierre
dc.contributor.authorStavrinides, Menelaos C
dc.contributor.authorSuso, Maria Jose
dc.contributor.authorSzentgyörgyi, Hajnalka
dc.contributor.authorVaissière, Bernard E
dc.contributor.authorVarnava, Androulla
dc.contributor.authorVilà, Montserrat
dc.contributor.authorZemeckis, Romualdas
dc.contributor.authorScheper, Jeroen
dc.date.accessioned2021-02-25T14:40:16Z
dc.date.available2021-02-25T14:40:16Z
dc.date.issued2020-04
dc.description.abstractAgricultural intensification and associated loss of high-quality habitats are key drivers of insect pollinator declines. With the aim of decreasing the environmental impact of agriculture, the 2014 EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) defined a set of habitat and landscape features (Ecological Focus Areas: EFAs) farmers could select from as a requirement to receive basic farm payments. To inform the post-2020 CAP, we performed a European-scale evaluation to determine how different EFA options vary in their potential to support insect pollinators under standard and pollinator-friendly management, as well as the extent of farmer uptake.A structured Delphi elicitation process engaged 22 experts from 18 European countries to evaluate EFAs options. By considering life cycle requirements of key pollinating taxa (i.e. bumble bees, solitary bees and hoverflies), each option was evaluated for its potential to provide forage, bee nesting sites and hoverfly larval resources.EFA options varied substantially in the resources they were perceived to provide and their effectiveness varied geographically and temporally. For example, field margins provide relatively good forage throughout the season in Southern and Eastern Europe but lacked early-season forage in Northern and Western Europe. Under standard management, no single EFA option achieved high scores across resource categories and a scarcity of late season forage was perceived.Experts identified substantial opportunities to improve habitat quality by adopting pollinator-friendly management. Improving management alone was, however, unlikely to ensure that all pollinator resource requirements were met. Our analyses suggest that a combination of poor management, differences in the inherent pollinator habitat quality and uptake bias towards catch crops and nitrogen-fixing crops severely limit the potential of EFAs to support pollinators in European agricultural landscapes. Policy Implications. To conserve pollinators and help protect pollination services, our expert elicitation highlights the need to create a variety of interconnected, well-managed habitats that complement each other in the resources they offer. To achieve this the Common Agricultural Policy post-2020 should take a holistic view to implementation that integrates the different delivery vehicles aimed at protecting biodiversity (e.g. enhanced conditionality, eco-schemes and agri-environment and climate measures). To improve habitat quality we recommend an effective monitoring framework with target-orientated indicators and to facilitate the spatial targeting of options collaboration between land managers should be incentivised.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationCole, L. J., Kleijn, D., Dicks, L. V., Stout, J. C., Potts, S. G., Albrecht, M., ... & Scheper, J. (2020). A critical analysis of the potential for EU Common Agricultural Policy measures to support wild pollinators on farmland. Journal of Applied Ecology, 57(4), 681-694.pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/1365-2664.13572pt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/3135
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons Ltdpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectAgri-environment schemespt_PT
dc.subjectBeespt_PT
dc.subjectCAP green architecturept_PT
dc.subjectCommon Agricultural Policypt_PT
dc.subjectEcological focus areaspt_PT
dc.subjectHabitat complementaritypt_PT
dc.subjectPollination servicespt_PT
dc.subjectPollinator conservationpt_PT
dc.subject.pt_PT
dc.subjectFaculdade de Ciências da Vidapt_PT
dc.titleA critical analysis of the potential for EU Common Agricultural Policy measures to support wild pollinators on farmlandpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage694pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue4pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage681pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleThe Journal of applied ecologypt_PT
oaire.citation.volume57pt_PT
person.familyNameAlmeida Pinheiro de Carvalho
person.givenNameMiguel Angelo
person.identifier1218558
person.identifier.ciencia-id4610-6741-6816
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5084-870X
person.identifier.ridAEE-0913-2022
person.identifier.scopus-author-id8758577600
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication2e433c48-88f8-40a2-b21f-de78b44aab1c
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery2e433c48-88f8-40a2-b21f-de78b44aab1c

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