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- The effectiveness of a tactical games approach in the teaching of invasion gamesPublication . Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Gouveia, Bruna; Marques, Adilson; Kliegel, Matthias; Rodrigues, Ana; Prudente, João; Prudente, João Filipe; Rodrigues, Ana; Lopes, Helder; Ihle, AndreasAbstract: Purpose: The main purposes of this study were (a) to assess the effectiveness of the tactical games approach on students’ invasion game performance when compared to the technique-oriented approach, and (b) to investigate whether there was a difference in motor engagement time (MET) between the both pedagogical approaches. Method: The sample consisted of 79 students (13-16 years), allocated to the Intervention Group (IG) following the tactical games protocol, or to the Control Group (CG) following the technique-oriented approach. Psychomotor performance was assessed by the Game Performance Assessment Instrument. MET was assessed by direct observation. Results: Both pedagogical approaches promoted off- and on-the-ball movement over eight consecutive weeks. Comparing the effectiveness of these two teaching approaches, no difference was found. However, collapsed across the two time points, students had better on-the-ball decision-making in the tactical games approach, as well as more MET. Conclusion: Continued replication of this research including long term follow-up is necessary to further strengthen the generalizability of these findings across alternative school contexts.
- Analyzing the influence of playing time and partial score on the tactical behavior in the duel 2 vs 2 in the offensive process in handball, using the polar coordinates techniquePublication . Prudente, João; Sousa, Duarte; Sequeira, Pedro; López-López, José Antonio; Hernández-Mendo, Antonio; Prudente, João Filipe; Sousa, Duarte<p><span style="font-size: medium;">Different studies have referred that the playing time and partial score, as well as the interaction between these two influences the behaviors of players and teams. With this study we intended to realize the complex reality of tactical behavior in the attack in Men´s European Cup, by detecting behavior patterns and linking them to playing time and partial score.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">We used the observational methodology and for data analysis we used the polar coordinates. An instrument of observation has been constructed <em>ad hoc</em> and validated. The tool optimization included the quality data control, using the analysis of intra and inter observer reliability by Cohen's Kappa index (range between .85 and 1), beyond the application of generalizability analysis (G indexes are suitable for all models estimated) confirming the instrument reliability. The sample contained all of 2<em>vs</em>2 situations that occurred during the organized offensive process in numerical equality 6<em>vs</em>6, in sixteen games (n = 390). </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">As main results we can refer that the playing time influenced the decision-making in relation to the tactical means used, excepting the last ten minutes, where no patterns were found. The results also show that there are fewer behavior patterns when the score is a draw.</span></p>
- Expeditious procedures to support the educational process in combat sports: an exploratory studyPublication . Lopes, Hélder; Fernando, Catarina; Prudente, João; Simões, Joana; Vieira, Miguel; Vicente, António; Lopes, Helder; Fernando, Catarina; Prudente, João Filipe
- The emergence of volcanic oceanic islands on a slow-moving plate: the example of Madeira Island, NE AtlanticPublication . Ramalho, Ricardo S.; Silveira, António Brum da; Fonseca, Paulo E.; Madeira, José; Cosca, Michael; Cachão, Mário; Fonseca, Maria M.; Prada, Susana N.; PRADA, SUSANAAbstractThe transition from seamount to oceanic island typically involves surtseyan volcanism. However, the geological record at many islands in the NE Atlantic—all located within the slow‐moving Nubian plate—does not exhibit evidence for an emergent surtseyan phase but rather an erosive unconformity between the submarine basement and the overlying subaerial shield sequences. This suggests that the transition between seamount and island may frequently occur by a relative fall of sea level through uplift, eustatic changes, or a combination of both, and may not involve summit volcanism. In this study, we explore the consequences for island evolutionary models using Madeira Island (Portugal) as a case study. We have examined the geologic record at Madeira using a combination of detailed fieldwork, biostratigraphy, and geochronology in order to document the mode, timing, and duration of edifice emergence above sea level. Our study confirms that Madeira's subaerial shield volcano was built upon the eroded remains of an uplifted seamount, with shallow marine sediments found between the two eruptive sequences and presently located at 320–430 m above sea level. This study reveals that Madeira emerged around 7.0–5.6 Ma essentially through an uplift process and before volcanic activity resumed to form the subaerial shield volcano. Basal intrusions are a likely uplift mechanism, and their emplacement is possibly enhanced by the slow motion of the Nubian plate relative to the source of partial melting. Alternating uplift and subsidence episodes suggest that island edifice growth may be governed by competing dominantly volcanic and dominantly intrusive processes.
- Tectónica da Ponta de São Lourenço, Ilha da MadeiraPublication . PRADA, SUSANA; Madeira, J.; Fonseca, P. E.; Silveira, A.; Prada, S.; Rodrigues, C. F.The tectonics of Madeira Island is, in its generality, still quite unknown. A structural characterization togeth er with the formulation of hypothesis contributing to this problematic is, in our opinion, of extreme impor tance to relate this context with the regional and global tectonic models. The Ponta de São Lourenço, in Madeira Island, exhibited an unusual situation for studies of this nature, due to the diversity of lithologies found there, as well as the presence of excellent natural cross-sections originated by marine erosion. In terms of tectonics, the studied area is dominated by accidents of distensive nature, organized in two out standing families: E-W and NW-SE. From these structures the most important are: a dyke swarm, very dense and with an approximate WNW-ESE direction; and a fracture pattern where we highlight the Seixal Machico (N50ºW, subvertical), Pedra Furada (E-W, 70ºN) and Estreito (N50ºW, 70ºN) faults. The analysis of those structures suggests a distensive tension field with minimum compression axis (s3) oriented with NNE-SSW direction, and maximum compression axis (s1) subvertical, related to the weight of the lytho static column (gravitical origin). This tension field suggests a hotspot rift model, similar to the one proposed by WALKER (1987), for shield volcanoes of the Hawaiian kind. This tension field seems to have a constant space-temporal orientation, with probable neotectonic activity. It is also proposed a tectonic control of vol canism, confirmed by the presence of aligned volcanic structures with the same directions previously described. It is equally proposed the existence of a structural control of the coast line and the landforms in the area.
- Exploring the role of relationship dynamics and chronic illness in psychological outcomes among cohabiting couples during the COVID-19 pandemicPublication . Lacomba-Trejo, Laura; Portugal, Alda; Vieira, Ana Diniz; Randall, Ashley K.; Relvas, Ana Paula; Portugal, AldaBackground: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exacerbated mental health difficulties among couples. Factors such as chronic physical illness, perceived threat of COVID-19, dyadic coping, and relationship quality may influence levels of psychological distress, including symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress. This study aimed to examine how these individual and relational variables are associated with psychological outcomes in cohabiting couples during the first national lockdown in Portugal. Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted with a sample of 956 individuals (83.9% women), aged 18 to 81 years (M = 40.76, SD = 10.42), living with a romantic partner for at least one year. Participants completed validated self-report instruments: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales - 21 Items (DASS-21) to assess anxiety, depression, and stress; the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) to evaluate COVID-19 threat perception; the Perceived Relationship Quality Component – Short Version (PRQC-SV) to assess relationship quality; and the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI) to measure dyadic coping. Hierarchical linear regression and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) were used to examine associations between variables. The study received prior approval from the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of the University of Coimbra. Results: The regression models accounted from between 17% to 21% of the variances of the dependent variables. In the case of the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) models, the models explained between 11% and 85% of the cases. Hierarchical regression models (HRMs) showed that COVID-19 threat perception and relationship quality were significantly associated with mental health outcomes. In QCA models, low threat perception and high relationship quality and coping skills correlated with lower psychological distress. Conclusions: Chronic illness was not significantly associated with psychological distress when compared to COVID-19 threat perception, relationship quality, and dyadic coping. These insights are vital for managing mental health of couples during crises. By underscoring the importance of threat perception, relationship quality, and coping for psychological well-being management during health crises, this study offers valuable insights for supporting couples through periods of adversity.
- (Dis)Connected: finding the link between problematic use of internet, parent-child communication and academic performance in emerging adultsPublication . Portugal, Alda; Almada, Carina; Sotero, Luciana; Relvas, Ana Paula; Portugal, AldaInformation and Communication Technologies (ICT) play a central role in the lives of emerging adults, offering both opportunities and challenges. While ICT facilitates communication and access to information, its problematic use has raised concerns about its impact on family relationships and academic performance during this developmental stage. This cross-sectional study aims to describe the use of ICT in academic context and analyse differences between groups considering the problematic use of the internet, the perception of academic performance and parent-child communication in a sample of college students (N = 201, aged between 18 to 29). In addition to instruments for sociodemographic characterisation and of ICT use, Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale-2 and Perception Scale of Parenting Communication-Emerging Adults were used. The results suggest that young people with problematic use of internet for non-academic purposes tend to report poorer communication with their parents, particularly their fathers. Additionally, half of the sample exhibited moderate problematic use of the internet. These results are relevant for professionals working with young adults, such as college professors, as well as for young adults themselves and their parents. Professors may benefit from implementing structured guidelines for ICT use in the classroom to promote academic engagement while minimizing distractions. For young adults, the findings emphasize the importance of developing self-regulation strategies to balance digital life, enhance academic performance, and maintain healthy relationships. Parents are encouraged to foster open communication and support positive family dynamics to mitigate the negative effects of problematic internet use.
- One year of COVID‐19: a longitudinal study of individual and relational factors of psychological adjustment of individuals living in a romantic relationship in Portugal during the COVID‐19 pandemicPublication . Relvas, Ana Paula; Portugal, Alda; Lacomba‐Trejo, Laura; Major, Sofia; Sotero, Luciana; Agostinho, Rafaela; Moreira, Marta; Randall, Ashley K.; Portugal, AldaAbstractThis longitudinal study explored the impact of COVID‐19 on individuals in romantic relationships. The sample spans three waves: first confinement (n = 52), deconfinement (n = 49), and second confinement (n = 26). The study tested sociodemographic factors, psychological adjustment (anxiety, depression, stress, well‐being), COVID‐19 threat perception, dyadic coping, and relationship quality. Results from repeated measures ANOVA and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) models revealed a decline in anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms, coupled with improved relationship quality over time. Well‐being and dyadic coping remained stable, while COVID‐19 threat perception increased. QCA models emphasized the predictive power of initial mental states (anxiety, depression, stress, and well‐being at W1) on subsequent adjustment. Notably, shorter relationship duration, healthcare worker status, and not having children, when combined with prior mental states, explained increased symptoms and diminished well‐being. The study underscores the significance of addressing these factors in individuals navigating romantic relationships during the pandemic.
- Endless forms most wonderful: four new cavernicolous planthopper species (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae and Meenoplidae) from the Canary IslandsPublication . Hoch, Hannelore; López, Heriberto; Naranjo, Manuel; Aguín-Pombo, Dora; Oromí, Pedro; Aguin-Pombo, DoraThe Canary Islands harbour a rich and diverse fauna of obligate subterranean arthropods (i.e. troglobionts). Among the insect taxa which have repeatedly undergone the evolutionary switch from life on the surface to underground environments are the Fulgoromorpha, or planthoppers: Cixiidae and Meenoplidae. Previously, a total of 13 troglobitic planthopper species have been described from El Hierro, La Palma, Tenerife and Gran Canaria. Here we describe three new troglobitic cixiid species: Cixius palmirandussp. nov. from La Palma, Cixius theseussp. nov. from El Hierro and Tachycixius gomerobscurussp. nov. from La Gomera, and one new meenoplid species: Meenoplus skotinophilussp. nov. from El Hierro. Tachycixius gomerobscurussp. nov. is the first record of a subterranean adapted Fulgoromorpha on La Gomera. With now 17 documented species of strictly hypogean planthoppers, the Canary Islands hold the highest number of subterranean planthoppers of any region worldwide, representing ca. ¼ of all known species. We provide a key to all subterranean planthopper species known from the Canary Islands as well as information on their habitat, distribution, ecological classification and conservation status. As all highly specialized, narrow range troglobitic planthopper species must be regarded as vulnerable, if not endangered, climate change poses a major risk of extinction. We hypothesize on island colonization and subterranean speciation underlying taxonomic diversity and high endemicity. We conclude that the currently observed zoogeographic patterns imply the existence of an ancient fauna which is now extinct.
- True parthenogenesis and female-biased sex ratios in Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha)Publication . Aguín-Pombo, Dora; Kuznetsova, Valentina G.; Aguin-Pombo, DoraInsects are renowned for their remarkable diversity of reproductive modes. Among these, the largest non-holometabolous order, Hemiptera, stands out with one of the most diversified arrays of parthenogenesis modes observed among insects. Although there are extensive reviews on reproduction without fertilization in some hemipteran higher taxa, no such analysis has been conducted for the large suborders Fulgoromorpha (planthoppers) and Cicadomorpha (leafhoppers). In both groups, there are species that reproduce by true parthenogenesis, specifically thelytoky, and in Fulgoromorpha, there are species that reproduce by pseudogamy or, more specifically, sperm-dependent parthenogenesis. In this review paper, we give and discuss the only currently known examples of true parthenogenesis in Fulgoromorpha and Cicadomorpha, mainly from the planthopper family Delphacidae and the leafhopper family Cicadellidae. We analyze patterns of distribution, ecology, mating behavior, acoustic communication, and cytogenetic and genetic diversity of parthenoforms and discuss hypotheses about the origin of parthenogenesis in each case. We also highlight examples in which natural populations show a shift in sex ratio toward females and discuss possible causes of this phenomenon, primarily the influence of endosymbiotic bacteria capable of altering the reproductive strategies of the hosts. Our review is mainly based on studies in which the authors have participated.