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Genetics of somatotype and physical fitness in children and adolescents

2020Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorSilventoinen, Karri
dc.contributor.authorMaia, José
dc.contributor.authorJelenkovic, Aline
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Sara
dc.contributor.authorGouveia, Élvio
dc.contributor.authorAntunes, António
dc.contributor.authorThomis, Martine
dc.contributor.authorLefevre, Johan
dc.contributor.authorKaprio, Jaakko
dc.contributor.authorFreitas, Duarte
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-18T15:10:27Z
dc.date.available2022-07-18T15:10:27Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractObjectives: To analyze the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the variation in somatotype, physical fitness, and their mutual associations. Methods: Twins from 214 pairs (87 monozygotic) of the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal, from 3 to 18 years of age (51% girls) were assessed in anthropometry and physical fitness tests. We estimated endomorphy, meso morphy, and ectomorphy based on anthropometric measures and physical fit ness using the Eurofit test battery. Two age categories were analyzed: children (3-11 years) and adolescents (12-18 years). Genetic and environmental varia tions were estimated using quantitative genetic twin modeling. Results: No genetic sex differences were found, thus boys and girls were pooled in all genetic analyses. Heritability estimates were high for somatotype (a2 = 0.80-0.93), physical fitness traits (a2 = 0.67-0.83), and largely similar in children and adolescents. Positive correlations were found for ectomorphy with motor ability and cardiorespiratory endurance as well as for endomorphy and mesomorphy with muscular strength (r = 0.25-0.37). In contrast, negative asso ciations were found for ectomorphy with muscular strength, as well as for endomorphy and mesomorphy with motor ability and cardiorespiratory endurance (−0.46 to −0.26). Twin modeling indicated that these associations were explained mostly by genetic factors in common to the two associated traits (84% or more). Conclusions: Associations between somatotype and physical fitness tests are mainly explained by common genetic background in children and adolescents. Therefore, interventions in youth should consider that a child's performance in physical fitness tests partly reflects their inherited physique.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationSilventoinen, K., Maia, J., Jelenkovic, A., Pereira, S., Gouveia, É., Antunes, A., ... & Freitas, D. (2021). Genetics of somatotype and physical fitness in children and adolescents. American Journal of Human Biology, 33(3), e23470.pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/ajhb.23470pt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/4419
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherWileypt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectChildrenpt_PT
dc.subjectAdolescentpt_PT
dc.subjectPhysical fitnesspt_PT
dc.subjectGenetics of somatotypept_PT
dc.subjectMadeira (Portugal)pt_PT
dc.subject.pt_PT
dc.subjectFaculdade de Ciências Sociaispt_PT
dc.titleGenetics of somatotype and physical fitness in children and adolescentspt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/POCI/POCI%2FDES%2F56834%2F2004/PT
oaire.citation.issue3pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPagee23470pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleAmerican Journal of Human Biologypt_PT
oaire.citation.volume33pt_PT
oaire.fundingStreamPOCI
person.familyNameSilventoinen
person.familyNameMaia
person.familyNamePereira
person.familyNameGouveia
person.familyNameAntunes
person.familyNameThomis
person.familyNameLefevre
person.familyNameKaprio
person.familyNameFreitas
person.givenNameKarri
person.givenNameJosé
person.givenNameSara
person.givenNameÉlvio Rúbio
person.givenNameAntónio Manuel
person.givenNameMartine
person.givenNameJohan
person.givenNameJaakko
person.givenNameDuarte
person.identifier1161008
person.identifier.ciencia-id6C1E-48F0-0D0F
person.identifier.ciencia-id3B10-8BDF-0D67
person.identifier.ciencia-id7C1E-A4CD-64EA
person.identifier.ciencia-idAA13-1821-A447
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1759-3079
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3273-0046
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4661-3879
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0927-692X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7532-3053
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9093-2191
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-0659-2388
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3716-2455
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6642-3370
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7006248142
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57193063417
person.identifier.scopus-author-id35379599600
person.identifier.scopus-author-id37096975400
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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