Browsing by Author "Hedeker, Donald"
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- Biological and environmental determinants of 12-minute run performance in youthPublication . Freitas, Duarte; Maia, José; Stasinopoulos, Mikis; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Antunes, António M.; Thomis, Martine; Lefevre, Johan; Claessens, Albrecht; Hedeker, Donald; Malina, Robert M.Background: The 12-minute run is a commonly used indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness in youth. Variation in growth and maturity status as potential correlates of test performance has not been systematically addressed. Aim: To evaluate biological and environmental determinants of 12-minute run performance in Portuguese youth aged 7–17years. Subjects and methods: Mixed-longitudinal samples of 187 boys and 142 girls were surveyed in 1996, 1997 and 1998. The 12-minute run was the indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness. Height, body mass and five skinfolds were measured and skeletal maturity was assessed. Physical activity, socioeconomic status and area of residencewere obtainedwitha questionnaire. Multi-level modelling was used fortheanalysis. Results: Chronological age and sum of five skinfolds were significant predictors of 12-minute run performance. Older boys and girls ran longer distances than younger peers, while high levels of subcutaneous fat were associated with shorter running distances. Rural boys were more proficient in the 12-minute run than urban peers. Skeletal maturity, height, body mass index, physical activity and socioeconomic status were not significant predictors of 12-minute run performances. Conclusions: Age and sum of skinfolds in both sexes and rural residence in boys are significant predictors of 12-minute run performance in Portuguese youth.
- Familial resemblance in gross motor coordination. The peruvian sibling study on growth and healthPublication . Valdívia, Alcibíades B.; Henrique, Rafael S.; Pereira, Sara; Chaves, Raquel N.; Tani, Go; Freitas, Duarte; Prista, Antonio; Stodden, David F.; Katzmarzyk, Peter T.; Hedeker, Donald; Maia, JoséBackground: The development of gross motor coordination (GMC) is governed by biological and environmental factors whose effect sizes are still unclear. Aim: To investigate sibling resemblance in GMC, as well as biological and environmental correlates of GMC among Peruvian children. Materials and methods: The sample comprised 1256 biological siblings (6–15 years old), from three geographical areas of Peru. GMC was assessed using the Korperkoordinationtest fur Kinder € (KTK) test battery. Anthropometry, biological maturation and physical fitness (PF) were also measured. Multilevel modelling was performed using Stata 14 software. Results: In general, sister–sister pairs (SS) showed the highest resemblance in GMC (q ¼ 0.24) com pared to brother–sister (BS) (q ¼ 0.10) and brother–brother (BB) pairs (q ¼ 0.07). On average, BB pairs had higher GMC than SS pairs and older siblings had higher GMC than younger siblings. Further, those with lower body mass index (BMI) and higher PF had higher GMC. There was also a significant inter action between age and PF with GMC. Siblings from the rainforest region demonstrated higher GMC than those from sea level and high-altitude siblings demonstrated lower GMC than their sea level peers. Conclusion: These results demonstrate statistically significant sibling resemblance in GMC. Age, BMI, PF and geographical area were significant correlates of GMC
- Motor performance, body fatness and environmental factors in preschool childrenPublication . Antunes, António M; Freitas, Duarte L.; Maia, José; Hedeker, Donald; Gouveia, Élvio R; Thomis, Martine; Lefevre, Johan; Barnett, Lisa MThe first aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between motor performance and body fatness among 3- to 5-year-old children. The second aim was to assess whether this relationship works similarly for boys and girls. We also investigated whether socioeconomic status (SES) and geographical area when children are aged 3 years old predicts the motor performance of 4 and 5-yr-old children. Motor performance was assessed through the Preschool Test Battery, while body fatness was estimated through body mass index (BMI). SES and geographical area were assessed via parent proxy-report questionnaires. BMI was negatively associated with standing long jump. The association of BMI and motor performance was not statistically different for boys and girls. Children from low SES performed better than high SES peers in tennis ball throw for distance. Rural children were better performers than urban peers in standing long jump. Rural area at baseline was also predictor of standing long jump and tennis ball throw for distance at time 1 and 2. In conclusion, BMI had a negative association with standing long jump and the relationship of BMI with all motor tests was similar for boys and girls. SES and rural area were predictors of motor performance.