Percorrer por autor "Martins, Francisco"
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- Analyzing the effects of competitive fatigue on body composition and functional capacities of youth elite handball playersPublication . Martins, Francisco; França, Cíntia; Sarmento, Hugo; Przednowek, Krzysztof; Śliż, Maciej; Campos, Pedro; Lopes, Helder; Marques, Adilson; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Pestana Martins, João Francisco; França, Cíntia; Sarmento, Hugo; Pereira Campos, Pedro Filipe; Lopes, Helder; Marques, Adilson; Gouveia, Élvio RúbioHandball demands intense movements like rapid direction changes and physical contact. Consecutive competitions expose player fatigue and weaknesses due to the sport’s exhaustive nature. Therefore, the aims of this study are twofold: (i) to investigate the impact of competitive fatigue on the body composition of youth elite handball players, and (ii) to analyze the impact of concentrated competition on their functional capacity performance. Seventeen young male handball players (age: 16.2 years, height; 177.8 cm, body mass: 73.0 kg) were assessed twenty-four hours before (TM1) and after the competitive period (TM2) in body composition, static strength, lower- and upper-body explosive strength, speed, agility, balance, and flexibility indicators. A Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was conducted to assess differences in body composition and functional capacities assessment between TM1 and TM2. Regarding results, body mass significantly increased in TM2 (p < 0.01), while increases in waist circumference and body fat percentage were not statistically significant. Functional capacity assessments revealed a significant decline in jumping performance (CMJ and SJ; p ≤ 0.01). Speed and agility assessments showed worse performance in TM2, significantly increasing 30 m sprint time (p ≤ 0.01). Balance indicators showed no significant differences, with mixed results in performance across different conditions. In sum, evaluating vertical jumps and long-distance maximum speed (i.e., 30 meters) could be valid tests for measuring and controlling fatigue in young elite handball players. Future research should regularly monitor young handballers after the competition to analyze the entire fatigue recovery process.
- Associations between Age, Body Composition, Balance, and Other Physical Fitness Parameters in Youth SoccerPublication . França, Cíntia; Martins, Francisco; Marques, Adilson; Nascimento, Marcelo de Maio; Ihle, Andreas; Przednowek, Krzysztof; Gouveia, Élvio RúbioIn sports, balance ability has been related to game performance and injury prevention. This study’s aims were twofold: (1) to analyze the balance performance of adolescent soccer players from different age groups; and (2) to examine the relationship between players’ age, body composi tion, balance, and other physical fitness parameters, such as strength and flexibility. In this study, 112 players from the under 15 (U15), under 16 (U16), and under 17 (U17) age groups participated. A one-way analysis of the variance was conducted to investigate differences between groups. Pearson correlations and hierarchical multiple regression were used to explore the relationship between variables. Regarding balance, the older group performed significantly worse in the stability indexes for both legs but significantly better in dynamic balance tests. Height correlated significantly and negatively with balance indicators. Both jumping tasks showed medium to large correlations with the sway indexes (−0.23 > r < −0.51). Although not significantly, body fat negatively affected balance, underlining the importance of monitoring body composition for players’ development. Overall, no substantial relationship was found between static and dynamic balance variables, and therefore, it is crucial to include both as complementary measures while evaluating youngsters’ postural balance.
- Associations of Gait Speed, Cadence, Gait Stability Ratio, and Body Balance with Falls in Older AdultsPublication . Nascimento, Marcelo de Maio; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Gouveia, Bruna R.; Marques, Adilson; Martins, Francisco; Przednowek, Krzysztof; França, Cíntia; Peralta, Miguel; Ihle, AndreasTo investigate the association between gait speed (GS), cadence (CAD), gait stability ratio (GSR), and body balance (BB) with falls in a large sample of older adults. The analysis included 619 individuals—305 men and 314 women (69.50 ± 5.62 years)—residing in the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal. Mobility in GS, CAD, and GSR was assessed using the 50-foot walk test and BB by the Fullerton Advanced Balance scale. The frequency of falls was obtained by self-report. Linear regression analysis showed that higher performance in GS and BB was able to reduce the risk of falling by up to 0.34 and 0.44 times, respectively. An increase in the GSR value enhanced the risk of falling by up to 0.10 times. Multinomial analysis indicated that, in relation to the highest tertile (reference), older adults classified with GS and BB performance in the lowest tertile (lowest) had an increased chance (OR) of falling by up to 149.3% and 48.8%, respectively. Moreover, in relation to the highest tertile, the performance of the GSR classified in the lowest and medium tercile showed an increase in the chance of falling by up to 57.4% and 56.4%, respectively
- Avaliação da força muscular dos membros inferiores em futebolistasPublication . França, Cíntia; França, Cíntia; Martins, Francisco; Pestana Martins, João Francisco; Przednowek, Krzysztof; Marques, Adilson; Marques, Adilson; Ihle, Andreas; Ihle, Andreas; Sarmento, Hugo; Borges Sarmento, Hugo Miguel; Sarmento, Hugo; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Gouveia, Elvio Rúbio; Gouveia, Elvio RúbioNo futebol, a avaliação e monitorização da força ao nível das articulações do joelho e da anca tem sido recomendada no âmbito da prevenção de lesões. Este estudo emerge com os seguintes objetivos: (1) comparar o desempenho da produção de força ao nível das articulações do joelho e da anca entre futebolistas enquadrados em diferentes níveis competitivos; (2) comparar o desempenho da produção de força de acordo com o membro inferior dominante (MD) e o membro inferior não-dominante (MND) em dois momentos da época (M1 e M2). Foram avaliados 33 futebolistas profissionais do sexo masculino: 13 enquadrados no grupo de elite (GE) e 20 enquadrados no grupo de sub-elite (GSE). As avaliações incluíram a composição corporal, o desempenho dos músculos flexores e extensores do joelho a 60º/s, e o desempenho dos músculos adutores da anca. Para a análise, o valor de pico de torque (PT) foi normalizado com base na massa corporal para os músculos flexores e extensores do joelho. No M1, os resultados indicam diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre grupos, favorecendo o GE, no desempenho dos flexores a adutores no MD e MND (p < 0.01). No M2, o GE apresentou um desempenho substancialmente superior nos músculos extensores e flexores (p < 0.01). Na comparação entre a produção de força entre MD e MND, ganhos estatisticamente significativos foram observados entre o M1 e M2 em ambos os grupos (p < 0.01). Na análise global, os futebolistas do GE demonstraram um desempenho superior nos indicadores de força muscular comparativamente ao GSE.
- Body composition variations between injured and non-injured professional soccer playersPublication . Martins, Francisco; França, Cíntia; Henriques, Ricardo; Ihle, Andreas; Przednowek, Krzysztof; Marques, Adilson; Lopes, Helder; Sarmento, Hugo; Gouveia, Élvio RúbioProfessional soccer is characterized by its physical demands, making players’ exposure to high injury risks a growing problem. It is crucial to study the factors associated with injuries in professional soccer. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between age, body composition, and others variables related with the injury profle of professional soccer players of a specifc Portuguese team. Also, it analyzed the impact of the injury profle on soccer’s variations in body fat (BF%), skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and total body water (TBW) throughout the season. The sample comprised 31 male professional soccer players competing in the First Portuguese Soccer League. Older players had a higher prevalence of muscular injuries. Midfelders and forwards showed the highest number of muscular injuries during the season being quadriceps the most afected zone. Considering players’ BF% [Wilks’ Lambda = 0.42, F (7, 23) = 4.61, p= 0.002, r = 0.58], SMM [Wilks’ Lambda = 0.59, F (6, 23) = 2.70, p= 0.039, r = 0.41] and TBW [Wilks’ Lambda = 0.54, F (7, 23) = 2.80, p= 0.029, r = 0.46] there was a substantial main efect for the assessments performed throughout the season and the injury status. Age assumes relevance in explaining the injury profle. The impact of the injury profle on soccer’s variations in BF%, SMM and TBW throughout the season must be analyzed considering the clinical relevance.
- Caracterização das lesões numa equipa do futebol profissional portuguêsPublication . Martins, Francisco; Santos, Francisco; Caldeira, Romualdo; Henriques, Ricardo; França, Cíntia; Ornelas, Rui; Gouveia, Élvio RúbioO futebol profissional caracteriza-se pelas suas exigências físicas, fazendo com que a exposição dos jogadores a riscos elevados de lesão seja uma problemática em ascensão. O objetivo deste estudo é caracterizar as lesões de uma equipa profissional de futebol ao longo de uma época. Trinta e seis atletas do sexo masculino, enquadrados na 1.ª Liga Portuguesa de Futebol, foram acompanhados ao longo da época desportiva 2020/2021. Caracterizou-se uma lesão desportiva como a incapacidade demonstrada pelo atleta, devido a um momento de treino ou jogo, que exigiu intervenção médica ou interrupção parcial ou total da sua atividade desportiva. No total, 34 lesões foram registadas. Cada jogador falhou em média 14.3 dias devido a lesão. As lesões mais recorrentes foram as entorses (35.3%) e as lesões musculares (35.3%), sendo os membros inferiores a zona do corpo mais afetada (85.29%). As lesões ocorreram maioritariamente em treino (58.8%) e as de jogo registaram-se sobretudo nos últimos 15 minutos (57.14%). Os resultados obtidos neste estudo vêm auxiliar o staff técnico das equipas profissionais de futebol na identificação de fatores de risco associados às lesões no futebol profissional. O estudo desta temática é fundamental para a otimização dos protocolos de prevenção e de recuperação de lesões.
- Changes in Estimated Body Composition and Physical Fitness of Adolescent Boys after One Year of Soccer TrainingPublication . França, Cíntia; Martinho, Diogo V.; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Martins, Francisco; Marques, Adilson; Ribeiro, Tiago; Nascimento, Marcelo de Maio; Lopes, Helder; Rodrigues, Ana; Ihle, AndreasSports participation is one of the most popular forms of physical activity among youngsters. This study aimed to examine the changes in the estimated body composition, strength, and flexibility of adolescent boys after 12 months of soccer training compared with those of age-matched controls with non-sports participation. We assessed 137 boys (62 soccer players and 75 controls) at baseline (TM1) and 12 months later (TM2). The differences in estimated body composition, strength, and flexibility were investigated using a repeated measure analysis of variance. The analysis revealed a significant main effect of soccer training on fat mass (F = 73.503, p ≤ 0.01, η2 = 0.59) and fat-free mass (F = 39.123, p ≤ 0.01, η2 = 0.48). Over time, the soccer group decreased their fat mass and increased their fat-free mass, while the opposite results were observed for the controls. Among physical fitness tests, a substantial effect of soccer training was evidenced for the sit-up performance (F = 16.224, p ≤ 0.01, η2 = 0.32). Regarding the time factor, significant effects were noted for height and handgrip strength. No significant differences were detected for flexibility. Overall, the benefits of soccer training were exhibited by the larger improvements in fat mass, fat-free mass, sit-ups, and handgrip strength performance, underlining the important role of soccer participation during adolescence.
- Characterization of Static Strength, Vertical Jumping, and Isokinetic Strength in Soccer Players According to Age, Competitive Level, and Field PositionPublication . Gouveia, João Nuno; França, Cíntia; Martins, Francisco; Henriques, Ricardo; Nascimento, Marcelo de Maio; Ihle, Andreas; Sarmento, Hugo; Przednowek, Krzysztof; Martinho, Diogo V.; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio: Muscular strength is strongly related to speed and agility tasks, which have been described as the most decisive actions preceding goals in the soccer game. This study aimed to characterize the players’ strength indicators and to analyze the variation associated with age, competition level, and positional role. Eighty-three male soccer players from A team (n = 22), B team (n = 17), U-23 (n = 19), and U-19 (n = 25) participated in this study. Handgrip strength was assessed using a hand dynamometer (Jamar Plus+), countermovement jump (CMJ) and the squat jump (SJ) were evaluated using Optojump Next, and a Biodex System 4 Pro Dynamometer was used to assess the isokinetic strength of knee extension/flexion. Team A players showed increased lower-body strength compared to their peers, mainly through their increased vertical jumping capacity (i.e., CMJ and SJ; ps < 0.019), and superior performance in isokinetic assessments (i.e., peak torque, total work, and average power). Overall, older players outperformed their younger peers regarding vertical jumping, static strength, and average power in isokinetic strength (ps < 0.005). This study emphasizes the superior strength levels of professional soccer players compared with their lower-division peers, even after controlling by age. This information is of great value to sports agents and coaches, underlining the need to design and include strength-specific content during soccer training.
- Characterizing psychomotor abilities of male handball players of different age categoriesPublication . Martins, Francisco; Śliż, Maciej; França, Cíntia; Sarmento, Hugo; Gouveia, Élvio Rubio; Campos, Pedro; Lopes, Helder; Przednowek, Krzysztof; Pestana Martins, João Francisco; França, Cíntia; Borges Sarmento, Hugo Miguel; Sarmento, Hugo; Gouveia, Elvio Rúbio; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Pereira Campos, Pedro Filipe; Lopes, Helder; Przednowek, KrzysztofSports performance is highly influenced by players’ mental, emotional, and psychomotor abilities. Particularly in handball, training methods aim to maximize players’ performance by fusing physical conditioning with cognitive abilities. The aim of this research was twofold: (1) to characterize players’ psychomotor abilities according to their age categories (U14, U16, and U18), and (2) to analyze the differences between psychomotor abilities profiles according to players’ field positions. The study population comprised 75 male youth handball players (15.3 ± 1.5 years) from different competitive age groups (U14 = 20 players; U16 = 27 players; U18 = 28 players). The psychomotor abilities were evaluated using the Test2Drive system. Three tests were performed to measure psychomotor abilities: (a) a simple reaction time test (SIRT), (b) a choice reaction time test (CHORT), and (c) a spatial anticipation test (SPANT). The only statistically significant difference was observed in the percentage of correct answers in the SPANT, showing that U16 players had a higher rate of correct answers than the others. However, some trends were visible throughout the analysis: (i) the U16 group performed better in terms of reaction time in all the tests, (ii) right-wingers were always the ones who had the best percentage of correct answers, and (iii) central players had the best movement time performance. Future research should include youth players' maturation stage, body composition, and physical fitness performance to characterize their profile deeply and analyze their psychomotor abilities, considering other factors that can impact their sports performance.
- Differential Patterns in Motivations for Practicing Sport and Their Effects on Physical Activity Engagement across the LifespanPublication . Nascimento, Marcelo de Maio; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Gouveia, Bruna R.; Marques, Adilson; França, Cíntia; Campos, Pedro Filipe Pereira; Martins, Francisco; García-Mayor, Jesús; Ihle, AndreasThis study aims to report what motivates individuals to be physically active, to determine whether motivating factors influence physical activity (PA) levels, and whether this differs across the lifespan. This is a cross-sectional study with 498 individuals: 117 adolescents, 306 adults, and 75 older adults. PA was assessed using Baecke’s questionnaire, and motivating factors for practicing sports were investigated using a scale with twelve questions. The factor analysis identified three motivating factors for sports practice: psychosocial, bodily, and well-being. The scale’s overall reliability and internal consistency indicated a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.885. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for sex indicated the three factors as having a significant effect on PA (p < 0.050); however, only the well-being factor showed a significant interaction with age groups (p = 0.023, ηp 2 = 0.030). Subsequently, the effect of the well-being factor on PA scores in each age group was explored through regression analyses. Only older adults showed a significant association in the unadjusted [OR = 0.378, p = 0.001, R2 = 0.243] and the sex-adjusted analysis [OR = 0.377, p = 0.001, R2 = 0.288]. These results help us to better understand the underlying motivational reasons in different age groups for engaging in sports.
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