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- Rebuilding driver situation awareness through the use of augmented realityPublication . Rodrigues, Rúben José Gouveia; Quintal, Filipe; Esteves, AugustoMore and more automation is becoming available in cars with the objective of ultimately making the driver just another passenger in the vehicle. However, before getting to that point, which is still very much in the distant future, any automated driving system will need to coexist with the driver, handing back control when the automation can not handle a situation it faces. Yet, in some situations, the driver may not be fully ready to take back control of the vehicle, since one of the big benefits that automation in the car will bring is the possibility of undertaking more complex non-driving tasks when the automated system is driving the vehicle, which might cause a loss of situational awareness. Safe driving requires significant situational awareness and a control that becomes almost subcon scious to the driver when in said driving task, but if the driver is engaging in non-driving related tasks when the automation is active, he/she may lose the situational awareness needed to resume the driving task. It’s with this in mind we propose two new designs of the takeover request (TOR), through the use of Augmented Reality (AR), to help the driver regain that situational awareness, without sacrificing the driver’s recovery of the control of the vehicle. This way the driver can safely take back control, given a non-critical situation that the autonomous system can not handle.
- Variations in locomotor intensities across soccer match halves concerning player sectorial positionsPublication . Gouveia, Élvio Rubio; França, Cíntia; Henriques, Ricardo; Santos, Francisco; Mâncio, Rui; Przednowek, Krzysztof; Sarmento, Hugo; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; França, Cíntia; Baeta Santos, Francisco José; Sarmento, HugoPurposeThis study aims to explore disparities in locomotor metrics such as total distance (TD), high-speed running (HSR), accelerations (Acc), decelerations (Dec), and maximum speed (MS) across five soccer positions – centre defenders, fullbacks, midfielders, wingers, and forwards – during the 1-, 3-, and 5-minute match intensity periods (MIP). Additionally, it seeks to assess the difference in those locomotor metrics between the first and second halves of the match.MethodsAn observational, retrospective cohort study was undertaken with a professional team covering 32 official matches. A total of 20 soccer players participated in this study. Data were collected using a 10-Hz GNSS unit (Apex pro series, StatSports, Northern Ireland). The MIP considered different time durations (1, 3, 5 min in the 1st and the 2nd halves).ResultsSoccer players exhibited position-specific differences in locomotion, with Wingers covering the most distance and forwards showing the highest Acc and Dec. HSR was most notable in the fullbacks. The second half saw varied changes, with midfielders increasing in distance covered. ANCOVA revealed significant positional differences in TD during longer MIPs and between match halves. HSR varied across positions but only differed between halves in the 5-minute MIP. Acc and Dec displayed half-time differences, while maximal speed was consistently higher in the second half.ConclusionsThis study highlights the impact of player position and matches progression on locomotor metrics in soccer, underscoring the need for customised training and strategic adaptability to maximise performance throughout the game.