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- A kinematic analysis of the basketball shot performance: impact of distance variation to the basketPublication . França, Cíntia; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Silva, Manuel J. Coelho e; Gomes, Beatriz B.Purpose: The aim of the current study was to examine the variation on the kinematic parameters in the basketball shot associated with the shooting distance. Methods: Twenty-seven female adolescent basketball players aged 12.1 ± 0.9 years completed 10 BS trials from a frontal position of 4.75 m and 5.75 m from the basket. Nine anatomical markers were placed on the participants’ dominant side to assess the kinematic variables. The following variables were analyzed: angle, velocity, and height at ball release; centre of mass horizontal displacement and maximum height attained; maximum hip height and hip height at release; shoulder, elbow, and knee angular position and velocity at ball release; deepest knee flexion during the preparatory phase; the peak of the angular velocity of the shoulder, elbow, and knee joints. Results: At release, the angle decreased while velocity increased significantly at 5.75 m. During the release, greater shoulder flexion and increased joint (shoulder and knee) angular velocity were observed. The deepest knee flexion and the centre of mass horizontal dis placement were accentuated at 5.75 m. The ball release occurred before the peak of the jump phase. Conclusions: To compensate for the long ball trajectory to the basket, participants perform a set of adjustments in the body segmental organization to increase the ball veloc ity at release. The coaches’ feedback should focus on the shooting arm’s positioning and in the jump phase (to jump as close to vertical as possible). Also, a consistent shooting technique should be acquired close to the basket before expanding the shooting range.
- A Kinematic Analysis of the Basketball Shot Performed with Different Ball SizesPublication . França, Cíntia; Gouveia, Élvio R.; Coelho-e-Silva, Manuel J.; Gomes, Beatriz B.In youth basketball, the ball’s size is adapted to fit the participants’ physical capacities and improve the development of manipulative skills. The current study compared the kinematic param eters of the basketball shot (BS) performed with two different ball sizes. Twenty-seven adolescent females aged 12.1 ± 0.9 years (height: 153.3 ± 8.0 cm; body mass: 48.8 ± 12.8 kg) completed 10 BS trials from a frontal position at 5.75 m from the basket with two ball sizes: a smaller and lighter ball (size five, 480 g) and the standard ball size for their age (size six, 566 g). No statistically significant differences were observed for ball release variables or efficacy levels. Significantly greater shoulder flexion was detected at release while shooting with a size six ball (F = 2.982, p ≤ 0.01). The shoulder’s angular velocity at release was significantly lower while performing with a size six ball (F = 3.089, p ≤ 0.01). No significant differences were found for the elbow or knee angles or angular velocities. Stature and upper-body strength were significantly correlated with selected kinematic parameters. A change in ball size may be a helpful strategy for coaches seeking to promote optimal shoot ing patterns, enhancing effectiveness and enjoyment, particularly among young people and more inexperienced players.
- The jump shot performance in youth basketball: a systematic reviewPublication . França, Cíntia; Gomes, Beatriz B.; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Ihle, Andreas; Silva, Manuel J. Coelho eThe basketball jump shot (JS) is consensually considered as a high-complexity specific motor skill, with a complex teaching and learning processes involved. The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the JS performance among youth basketball players. Methods: The data search was made according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) in the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus and Sportdiscus databases until March 2021. Results: The results suggest that JS performance of youth basketball players is influenced by (i) distance to the basket, (ii) fatigue, (iii) presence of a defender and (iv) visual information available. Conclusion: This research emphasizes the crucial need for players and coaches to promote training situations matching the game reality to develop successful shooting performance of youth basketball players.