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Os lares de idosos que queremos: organização e liderança: expetativas de um grupo de idosos da Região Autónoma da Madeira
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Abstract(s)
Com este estudo procuramos determinar quais as expetativas de um grupo de idosos, relativamente às dinâmicas de liderança nos lares de terceira idade na Região Autónoma da Madeira (RAM).
Embora o envelhecimento seja um fenómeno natural de uma fase existencial e social do ser humano, traduz-se num aumento da fragilidade e vulnerabilidade dos indivíduos. Por outro lado, faz com que a sociedade tenha de criar políticas sociais adequadas às necessidades dos idosos, numa época em que as famílias, por diversas razões, se veem cada vez mais confrontadas com a impossibilidade de cuidar dos seus familiares.
Neste contexto, pretendemos identificar quais as expetativas de um grupo de idosos relativamente à liderança nos lares de idosos na RAM, conhecer as caraterísticas que ambicionam para essas instituições e ainda, determinar quais os estilos de liderança que estão intrínsecos a essas caraterísticas.
Esta pesquisa, geograficamente circunscrita à RAM, assume a natureza de estudo de caso onde os dados obtidos foram de natureza qualitativa. A população em estudo foi circunscrita a um grupo de 8 idosos e de 4 diretores de Lares/Residências para idosos. Pelos resultados obtidos aferimos que a institucionalização constitui maioritariamente uma forma de fuga, de solidão e isolamento, uma vez que a família se encontra ausente ou distante, por motivos profissionais e sociais. Que a liderança percecionada pelos idosos é efetivamente a liderança exercida pelos diretores, em especial o autoritário, democrático, afiliativo, coaching e transformacional, o que revela que, o facto dos diretores dominarem um ou mais estilos de liderança, os torna bons profissionais, uma vez que se “ajustam” às diversas situações e circunstâncias. Observamos ainda que, das instituições estudadas, a residência assistida promove mais autonomia, mais liberdade e mais qualidade de vida, uma vez que na opinião dos idosos não se sentem prisioneiros da instituição.
This study aims to determine the expectations of a group of elderly people regarding the leadership dynamics in nursing homes at Madeira Regional Autonomy (RAM). Although aging is a natural phenomenon of an existential and social stage of the human being, it translates also the individual’s fragility and vulnerability increase. On the other hand, it makes that society had to create adequate social policies suited to the needs of the elderly, in a time when families, for various reasons, are increasingly confronted with the impossibility of caring for their own relatives. In this context, the present study aims to identify the expectations of a group of elderly people regarding leadership in nursing homes in Madeira Regional Autonomy, as well as to know the characteristics that they aspire to these institutions and also to determine which leadership styles are intrinsic to these characteristics. This research, geographically circumscribed to RAM, assumes the nature of a case study being the data obtained of qualitative nature. The study population was circumscribed to the elderly and directors of four Nursing Homes / Homes for the elderly. From the results, it was concluded that institutionalization constitutes, mainly, a form of escape and solitude, isolation, since the family is absent or distant, for professional and social reasons. That the leadership perceived by the elderly is effectively the leadership exercised by the directors, especially the authoritarian, democratic, affiliative, coaching and transformational, which proves that the fact that the directors dominate one or more styles of leadership, makes them good professionals, causethey are "adjust" to different situations and circumstances. It is also concluded that of the studied institutions, the assisted residence promotes more autonomy, more freedom, and more life quality; since the elderly do not feel they are institutional prisoners.
This study aims to determine the expectations of a group of elderly people regarding the leadership dynamics in nursing homes at Madeira Regional Autonomy (RAM). Although aging is a natural phenomenon of an existential and social stage of the human being, it translates also the individual’s fragility and vulnerability increase. On the other hand, it makes that society had to create adequate social policies suited to the needs of the elderly, in a time when families, for various reasons, are increasingly confronted with the impossibility of caring for their own relatives. In this context, the present study aims to identify the expectations of a group of elderly people regarding leadership in nursing homes in Madeira Regional Autonomy, as well as to know the characteristics that they aspire to these institutions and also to determine which leadership styles are intrinsic to these characteristics. This research, geographically circumscribed to RAM, assumes the nature of a case study being the data obtained of qualitative nature. The study population was circumscribed to the elderly and directors of four Nursing Homes / Homes for the elderly. From the results, it was concluded that institutionalization constitutes, mainly, a form of escape and solitude, isolation, since the family is absent or distant, for professional and social reasons. That the leadership perceived by the elderly is effectively the leadership exercised by the directors, especially the authoritarian, democratic, affiliative, coaching and transformational, which proves that the fact that the directors dominate one or more styles of leadership, makes them good professionals, causethey are "adjust" to different situations and circumstances. It is also concluded that of the studied institutions, the assisted residence promotes more autonomy, more freedom, and more life quality; since the elderly do not feel they are institutional prisoners.
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Keywords
Idoso Envelhecimento Estilos de liderança Lares de idosos Residência Elderly Aging Leadership styles Nursing homes Residence Madeira (Portugal) Ciências da Educação - Administração Educacional . Faculdade de Ciências Sociais