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Terrorism, Freshwater, and Environmental Pollution: Evidence of Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Iraq, Arab Republic of Egypt, Cameroon, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Somalia, Syrian Arab Republic, and Pakistan

2022Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorBildirici, Melike E.
dc.contributor.authorLousada, Sérgio
dc.contributor.authorYılmaz Genç, Sema
dc.date.accessioned2023-11-30T14:12:07Z
dc.date.available2023-11-30T14:12:07Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractNowadays, the world is facing many important problems, including terrorism, drinking water supply problems, and environmental pollution, which have strong impacts on the sustainable development. In this paper, the cointegration between drinking water, terrorism, economic growth, energy consumption, and environmental pollution was explored in Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Iraq, Arab Republic of Egypt, Cameroon, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Somalia, Syrian Arab Repub lic, and Pakistan in the period of 2000–2020 by using the panel Fourier bootstrapping auto regressive distributed lag (PFBARDL) test, and then the direction of causality between the selected variables was determined. The PFBARDL test determined evidence of cointegration among the selected variables. The causality test found evidence of unidirectional causality from terrorism to drinking water and environmental pollution.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationBildirici, M.E.; Lousada, S.; Yılmaz Genç, S. Terrorism, Freshwater, and Environmental Pollution: Evidence of Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Iraq, Arab Republic of Egypt, Cameroon, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Somalia, Syrian Arab Republic, and Pakistan. Water 2022, 14, 2684. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14172684pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/w14172684pt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/5404
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.publisherMDPIpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectCausalitypt_PT
dc.subjectFourierpt_PT
dc.subjectDrinking waterpt_PT
dc.subjectPanelpt_PT
dc.subjectPanel Fourier bootstrapping ARDLpt_PT
dc.subjectSustainabilitypt_PT
dc.subjectTerrorismpt_PT
dc.subject.pt_PT
dc.subjectFaculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenhariapt_PT
dc.titleTerrorism, Freshwater, and Environmental Pollution: Evidence of Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Iraq, Arab Republic of Egypt, Cameroon, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Somalia, Syrian Arab Republic, and Pakistanpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue17pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage2684pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleWaterpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume14pt_PT
person.identifier.ciencia-idB31C-22D6-303E
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8429-2164
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication54151f72-c466-439b-b2cc-c539b2f8d477
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery54151f72-c466-439b-b2cc-c539b2f8d477

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