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Evaluation of the use of marine macroalgae in the industrial production of biorefinery-derived biofunctional products
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Abstract(s)
A tese de doutoramento aqui apresentada integra a avaliação da composição bioquímica de várias
espécies de macroalgas, prospetadas no arquipélago da Madeira e arrojamentos de macroalgas provenientes
de Gran Canária com o objetivo principal de determinar a potencialidade destes recursos em integrar
estratégias de biorefinaria. Esta metodologia é extremamente importante para a gestão sustentável de
recursos e mitigação dos impactos, promovidos pela indústria tradicional e pela exploração intensiva dos
recursos naturais, desenvolvendo modelos dinâmicos, lucrativos e confiáveis. Este trabalho está dividido
em três capítulos, integrando uma introdução geral, um capítulo composto por artigos científicos e um
terceiro capítulo que incorpora uma discussão, conclusão e perspetivas futuras. O capítulo 2 começa por
abordar uma análise morfológica em 3 macroalgas, por forma a compreender o seu ciclo biológico. Integra
2 artigos que descrevem a variabilidade bioquímica, nutricional e antioxidante e adicionalmente outros 2
artigos que abordam a avaliação da quantidade de iodo e fucoxantina com precisão, biocompostos de
extrema importância económica e nutracêutica, no qual foram desenvolvidas e validadas novas
metodologias analíticas para uma rápida análise destes compostos nesta biomassa. A implementação de
estratégias de biorefinaria foram conduzidas em 2 macroalgas, A. taxiformis e Z. tournefortii. Na primeira
foram utilizados 4 solventes e 2 metodologias para a extração primária de um composto bioativo, efetuando
posteriormente a extração sequencial de lípidos, carragenanas e celulose do resíduo remanescente. Para a
segunda, foi utilizado 1 solvente, utilizando o extrator Timatic em conjunto com um modelo estatístico por
forma a modelar e otimizar a extração de um composto bioativo, extraindo subsequente do resíduo
fucoidano e celulose. Adicionalmente, foi efetuada a avaliação da composição dos ácidos gordos em 3
macroalgas coletadas no arquipélago da Madeira, efetuado uma avaliação por TLC, ATR-FTIR, atividade
anticolinesterásica e citotoxicidade in vitro na linhagem de células tumorais A549.
This doctoral thesis integrates the evaluation of the biochemical composition of several species of macroalgae, prospected in Madeira archipelago and macroalgae beach casts from Gran Canaria, with the main objective of determining the potential of these resources to integrate in biorefinery strategies. This methodology is extremely important for the sustainable management of resources and mitigation of impact, promoted by the traditional industry and by the intensive exploitation of natural resources, developing dynamic, profitable and reliable models. This work is divided into three chapters, integrating a general introduction, a chapter composed of scientific articles and a third chapter that incorporates a discussion, conclusion and future perspectives. Chapter 2 includes a morphological analysis of 3 macroalgae, in order to understand its biological cycle. Also, 2 articles describe the biochemical, nutritional and antioxidant variability in these resources. Afterwards, 2 other articles address the assessment of the amount of iodine and fucoxanthin with precision. These are compounds of extreme economic and nutraceutical importance, in which new analytical methodologies were developed and validated in this work. The implementation of biorefinery strategies were carried out in 2 macroalgae, A. taxiformis and Z. tournefortii. In the first, 4 solvents and 2 methodologies were used for the primary extraction of a bioactive compound, subsequently performing the sequential extraction of lipids, carrageenan and cellulose from the remaining residue. For the second, 1 solvent was used, using the Timatic extractor in conjunction with a statistical model in order to optimize the extraction of a bioactive extract, subsequently extracting crude fucoidan and cellulose from the residue. In addition, fatty acid composition was evaluated in 3 macroalgae collected in Madeira archipelago, an evaluation by TLC, ATR-FTIR, anticholinesterase activity and in vitro cytotoxicity to the A549 tumor cell line was also performed.
This doctoral thesis integrates the evaluation of the biochemical composition of several species of macroalgae, prospected in Madeira archipelago and macroalgae beach casts from Gran Canaria, with the main objective of determining the potential of these resources to integrate in biorefinery strategies. This methodology is extremely important for the sustainable management of resources and mitigation of impact, promoted by the traditional industry and by the intensive exploitation of natural resources, developing dynamic, profitable and reliable models. This work is divided into three chapters, integrating a general introduction, a chapter composed of scientific articles and a third chapter that incorporates a discussion, conclusion and future perspectives. Chapter 2 includes a morphological analysis of 3 macroalgae, in order to understand its biological cycle. Also, 2 articles describe the biochemical, nutritional and antioxidant variability in these resources. Afterwards, 2 other articles address the assessment of the amount of iodine and fucoxanthin with precision. These are compounds of extreme economic and nutraceutical importance, in which new analytical methodologies were developed and validated in this work. The implementation of biorefinery strategies were carried out in 2 macroalgae, A. taxiformis and Z. tournefortii. In the first, 4 solvents and 2 methodologies were used for the primary extraction of a bioactive compound, subsequently performing the sequential extraction of lipids, carrageenan and cellulose from the remaining residue. For the second, 1 solvent was used, using the Timatic extractor in conjunction with a statistical model in order to optimize the extraction of a bioactive extract, subsequently extracting crude fucoidan and cellulose from the residue. In addition, fatty acid composition was evaluated in 3 macroalgae collected in Madeira archipelago, an evaluation by TLC, ATR-FTIR, anticholinesterase activity and in vitro cytotoxicity to the A549 tumor cell line was also performed.
Description
Keywords
Avaliação Biorrefinaria Extração de biocompostos Extratos bioativos Iodo Fucoxantina Macroalgae Biorefinery Biocompound extraction Bioactive extracts Iodine Fucoxanthin Biological Sciences . Faculdade de Ciências da Vida