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Construções com verbo-suporte em alemão como língua estrangeira: estudo empírico de construções com verbo-suporte derivadas de um verbo pleno em manuais e gramáticas dos níveis de alemão B1-C1 para uma análise contrastiva alemão-português com frequência em corpora
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Resumo(s)
As construções com verbo-suporte, denominadas Funktionsverbgefüge na
linguística alemã, são expressões predicativas complexas, constituídas por um verbo
suporte semanticamente atenuado e um sintagma nominal portador do conteúdo lexical,
frequentemente derivado de um verbo pleno. Estas construções admitem, em muitos
casos, a substituição por um verbo pleno semanticamente equivalente, coexistindo formas
complexas e sintéticas. A sua elevada frequência em contextos formais e a sua
proximidade a outras combinações verbo-nominais tornam as construções com verbo
suporte particularmente desafiantes no ensino de alemão como língua estrangeira.
A presente dissertação visa descrever o conceito e as propriedades linguísticas das
construções com verbo-suporte, proceder ao levantamento de construções derivadas de
verbos plenos em manuais de ensino de alemão como língua estrangeira e em gramáticas
linguísticas e didáticas, bem como comparar a frequência das dez construções mais
recorrentes nos manuais com dados do Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
(DWDS). Inclui-se ainda um objetivo contrastivo, centrado na comparação entre as
construções com verbo-suporte alemãs e as estruturas equivalentes em português.
Metodologicamente, o estudo insere-se na linguística de corpus e baseia-se na
recolha manual das ocorrências das construções com verbo-suporte em material didático,
permitindo a constituição de um corpus próprio e a elaboração de listas de frequência. Os
dados obtidos foram comparados com informação extraída do DWDS, nomeadamente do
Wortprofil e do Kernkorpus (1900-1999), possibilitando a análise da frequência em
contexto de comunicação autêntica e a identificação dos tipos de texto mais recorrentes
para cada construção.
Os resultados evidenciam discrepâncias significativas entre a seleção lexical dos
materiais didáticos e a frequência atestada em corpora, sugerindo que critérios
pedagógicos nem sempre refletem padrões de uso real. Verificam-se ainda imprecisões na
delimitação concetual das construções com verbo-suporte nos manuais de ensino de
alemão, o que pode favorecer a inclusão de outras combinações verbo-nominais e
dificultar a sua aprendizagem sistemática.
Light verb constructions, referred to as Funktionsverbgefüge in German linguistics, are complex predicative expressions consisting of a semantically weak light verb and a nominal phrase that carries the core lexical meaning, often derived from a full verb. In many cases, these constructions allow for substitution by a semantically equivalent full verb, resulting in the coexistence of complex and synthetic forms. Due to their high frequency in formal contexts and their proximity to other verb-noun combinations, light verb constructions pose challenges in the teaching of German as a foreign language. This master’s thesis aims to describe the concept and linguistic properties of light verb constructions, to compile an inventory of constructions derived from full verbs in German as a foreign language textbooks and in both linguistic and pedagogical grammars, and to compare the frequency of the ten most recurrent constructions in textbooks with data from the Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache (DWDS). An additional contrastive objective focuses on the comparison between German light verb constructions and their equivalent structures in Portuguese. Methodologically, the study is situated within the framework of corpus linguistics and is based on the manual collection of light verb constructions from teaching materials, enabling the compilation of a dedicated corpus and the creation of frequency lists. The collected data were compared with information extracted from the DWDS, particularly the Wortprofil and the Kernkorpus (1900-1999), allowing for the analysis of frequency in authentic communication and the identification of the most frequent text types for each construction. The results reveal significant discrepancies between the lexical selection found in teaching materials and the frequency attested in corpora, suggesting that pedagogical criteria do not always reflect actual usage patterns. Furthermore, conceptual imprecision in the treatment of light verb constructions in German textbooks may lead to the inclusion of other verb-noun combinations and hinder their systematic acquisition.
Light verb constructions, referred to as Funktionsverbgefüge in German linguistics, are complex predicative expressions consisting of a semantically weak light verb and a nominal phrase that carries the core lexical meaning, often derived from a full verb. In many cases, these constructions allow for substitution by a semantically equivalent full verb, resulting in the coexistence of complex and synthetic forms. Due to their high frequency in formal contexts and their proximity to other verb-noun combinations, light verb constructions pose challenges in the teaching of German as a foreign language. This master’s thesis aims to describe the concept and linguistic properties of light verb constructions, to compile an inventory of constructions derived from full verbs in German as a foreign language textbooks and in both linguistic and pedagogical grammars, and to compare the frequency of the ten most recurrent constructions in textbooks with data from the Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache (DWDS). An additional contrastive objective focuses on the comparison between German light verb constructions and their equivalent structures in Portuguese. Methodologically, the study is situated within the framework of corpus linguistics and is based on the manual collection of light verb constructions from teaching materials, enabling the compilation of a dedicated corpus and the creation of frequency lists. The collected data were compared with information extracted from the DWDS, particularly the Wortprofil and the Kernkorpus (1900-1999), allowing for the analysis of frequency in authentic communication and the identification of the most frequent text types for each construction. The results reveal significant discrepancies between the lexical selection found in teaching materials and the frequency attested in corpora, suggesting that pedagogical criteria do not always reflect actual usage patterns. Furthermore, conceptual imprecision in the treatment of light verb constructions in German textbooks may lead to the inclusion of other verb-noun combinations and hinder their systematic acquisition.
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Palavras-chave
Construções com verbo-suporte Alemão como língua estrangeira Linguística de Corpus Linguística contrastiva (alemão-português) Análise de materiais didáticos Light verb constructions German as a foreign language Corpus linguistics Contrastive linguistics (german-portuguese) Analysis of teaching materials Linguística: Sociedades e Culturas . Faculdade de Artes e Humanidades