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Reabilitação de edifícios de alvenaria de pedra na Ilha da Madeira
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Tendo em conta a situação de Portugal, onde se incluí do mesmo modo a da ilha da Madeira, como país com considerável riqueza de património antigo construído proveniente de diferentes períodos históricos havendo o interesse da sociedade portuguesa em geral em preservar e valorizar esse mesmo património. Tendo também em vista os diferentes benefícios adquiridos provenientes da preservação desse património, considera-se importante o seu estudo, levantamento, acompanhamento e discussão por parte das diferentes áreas científicas e tecnológicas que constituem os diferentes campos de atuação envolvidos na sua recuperação, conservação e potenciação.
Assim, esta dissertação foi concretizada com o intuito de contribuir para esta atividade, onde se começou por apresentar a construção em alvenaria de pedra com ênfase no tipo de construção praticada em Portugal, aquando da altura em que os edifícios antigos em alvenaria de pedra foram construídos. Seguidamente fez-se uma caraterização do tipo de construção relativa a este tipo de edifícios na ilha da Madeira, através de um trabalho de pesquisa que englobou os diferentes tipos de edifícios existentes na ilha, incidindo naqueles que podem ser requalificados para os tempos atuais. Posteriormente, foram expostas diferentes técnicas e metodologias de reabilitação praticadas em Portugal referentes a estes edifícios, assim como sobre as suas anomalias mais comuns. Por fim, foram expostos diferentes exemplos de casos práticos de obras de reabilitação praticadas recentemente na ilha da Madeira para seguidamente ser comparada a reabilitação praticada nesses exemplos com aquela encontrada na bibliografia consultada.
A presente dissertação permitiu concluir que, face aos casos analisados, existe na ilha da Madeira um tipo de reabilitação bastante interventivo alterando consideravelmente o edifício em si, no entanto considera-se importante um maior levantamento de exemplos de obras de reabilitação executadas recentemente de forma a que seja obtida uma visão mais ampla deste da reabilitação na ilha.
Being Portugal a country with a considerable richness regarding the ancient heritage of old buildings constructed during different historical periods with Madeira island being part of this context, at the same time, the existent interest of the Portuguese society of preserving and value this heritage, considering also the different benefits that can be obtained with it’s own preservation, we consider important it’s study, survey, surveillance and also the discussion between the different scientific and technologic fields that constitute the different areas involved in the recovering, maintenance and valuing of this heritage. This thesis was made with the aim of contributing to this activity, where it starts by explaining about the stone masonry construction focusing on the one that was practiced in Portugal at the time of the construction of the old stone masonry buildings that are existent today. Afterwards it was made a description of the kind of construction regarding those buildings existent on Madeira island. That was made through a research work that encompassed the different kinds of old stone masonry buildings that exist on Madeira island focusing on those who could be reused in these modern times. Then, there were explained different rehabilitation technologies and methodologies that are practiced in Portugal, together with the more common anomalies that are found in these buildings. Finally, there were exposed different examples of rehabilitations of this kind of buildings that happened recently on Madeira island, for then, to be made a comparison between the rehabilitation that was practiced on those buildings with the one that was found on the bibliography. The present thesis enabled to get the conclusion that the rehabilitation practice that is being carried at the moment on Madeira island, looking at the different cases that were analysed, is a very interventive one that makes considerable changes on the buildings, but we still consider that it’s important to make a more extensive survey of examples of recent rehabilitations that occurred on the island, so that the conclusions can be better.
Being Portugal a country with a considerable richness regarding the ancient heritage of old buildings constructed during different historical periods with Madeira island being part of this context, at the same time, the existent interest of the Portuguese society of preserving and value this heritage, considering also the different benefits that can be obtained with it’s own preservation, we consider important it’s study, survey, surveillance and also the discussion between the different scientific and technologic fields that constitute the different areas involved in the recovering, maintenance and valuing of this heritage. This thesis was made with the aim of contributing to this activity, where it starts by explaining about the stone masonry construction focusing on the one that was practiced in Portugal at the time of the construction of the old stone masonry buildings that are existent today. Afterwards it was made a description of the kind of construction regarding those buildings existent on Madeira island. That was made through a research work that encompassed the different kinds of old stone masonry buildings that exist on Madeira island focusing on those who could be reused in these modern times. Then, there were explained different rehabilitation technologies and methodologies that are practiced in Portugal, together with the more common anomalies that are found in these buildings. Finally, there were exposed different examples of rehabilitations of this kind of buildings that happened recently on Madeira island, for then, to be made a comparison between the rehabilitation that was practiced on those buildings with the one that was found on the bibliography. The present thesis enabled to get the conclusion that the rehabilitation practice that is being carried at the moment on Madeira island, looking at the different cases that were analysed, is a very interventive one that makes considerable changes on the buildings, but we still consider that it’s important to make a more extensive survey of examples of recent rehabilitations that occurred on the island, so that the conclusions can be better.
Description
Keywords
Alvenaria de pedra Construção local Edifícios antigos Reabilitação Tipologias construtivas Madeira (Portugal) Stone masonry Local construction Ancient buildings Rehabilitation Constructive typologies Engenharia Civil . Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia