Loading...
Publication
A fuga à "Má Sorte": Subsídios para a história da emigração madeirense (1851-1861)
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.23 MB | Adobe PDF |
Abstract(s)
Em meados do século XIX, as repartições administrativas da maioria dos
estados-nação europeus tentaram munir-se de um sistema-padrão capaz de reconhecer
e de monopolizar os seus cidadãos, numa era em que os fluxos migratórios
aumentaram exponencialmente. Nesta senda, as guias de passaporte parecem ter
concretizado o seu objetivo – o de identificar os indivíduos que solicitavam deslocarse –, dado constituírem o início do processo de emigração legal. As concessões de
passaporte, outorgadas entre 1851 e 1861 por regedores e demais funcionários públicos
na ilha da Madeira, são exemplo da necessidade de o Estado verificar quem, como e
por que motivos os madeirenses requereram passaporte. A análise estatísticodescritiva destes solicitantes permitirá, assim, descortinar o seu perfil socioeconómico,
os destinos onde pretendiam estabelecer-se – a maioria com o seu núcleo familiar – e
as relações sociopolíticas e financeiras que manteriam o fluxo (e)migratório elevado,
precisamente num momento demarcado por crises agrícolas e de fome, epidemias,
catástrofes naturais e pobreza, cujos regime de propriedade, pressão demográfica,
desemprego e estagnação do estatuto social agravaram a subsistência da maioria da
população insulana.
In the mid-nineteenth-century, the administrative offices of most European Nation-states tried to provide themselves with a standardized system for the identification and control of their citizens, in a time when transoceanic migration’s flow reached its peak. Therefore, passport-granting approach seemed to achieve their purpose – to attest the candidates’ identity – as they initiated the legal emigration process. In Madeira’s case, as in Portugal, the passport-granting system was primarily held by the parish council’s chairmen that certified who, how and why an individual required that particular document, especially in a decade (1851-1861) struck by famine, epidemics, poverty, demographic growth, unemployment, among other circumstances, that worsened the provisions for survival of the majority of the population.
In the mid-nineteenth-century, the administrative offices of most European Nation-states tried to provide themselves with a standardized system for the identification and control of their citizens, in a time when transoceanic migration’s flow reached its peak. Therefore, passport-granting approach seemed to achieve their purpose – to attest the candidates’ identity – as they initiated the legal emigration process. In Madeira’s case, as in Portugal, the passport-granting system was primarily held by the parish council’s chairmen that certified who, how and why an individual required that particular document, especially in a decade (1851-1861) struck by famine, epidemics, poverty, demographic growth, unemployment, among other circumstances, that worsened the provisions for survival of the majority of the population.
Description
Keywords
Concessões de passaporte Emigração madeirense Guias de passaporte Legislação Migrações Regedorias Regedores Madeira (Portugal) Passports Passport-grants Madeiran emigration Legislation Migrations Parish councils Administration workers Estudos Regionais e Locais . Faculdade de Artes e Humanidades