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Os estilos parentais no bem-estar dos estudantes do ensino superior
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Abstract(s)
De acordo com a literatura, a qualidade dos cuidados parentais é definida como a variável de
maior relevância para o comportamento e desenvolvimento humano (Sroufe, 2002). As
investigações realizadas têm demonstrado a existência de importantes associações, entre os
estilos parentais e os alunos do ensino superior, em diversas áreas, nomeadamente no
desempenho académico, psicopatologia e bem-estar (Canavarro & Pereira, 2007). Neste
estudo, pretende-se analisar o impacto dos estilos parentais no bem-estar dos estudantes
universitários. A amostra é constituída por 279 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre
os 18 e os 62 anos. Os instrumentos utilizados, foram o Questionário Complementar sobre os
Estilos Parentais-Perceção dos filhos, tendo este sido construído para o efeito; a Escala de Bem estar Experiencial, desenvolvida por Pocinho e Garcês (2019) e a Escala de Ansiedade,
Depressão e Stress, adaptada por Pais-Ribeiro et al. (2004). Os resultados alcançados,
permitiram responder ao principal objetivo da investigação, verificando-se assim, que os estilos
parentais correlacionam-se de forma significativa com o bem-estar dos alunos do ensino
superior. Mais concretamente, a perceção de um estilo parental democrático, relaciona-se
positivamente com o bem-estar, enquanto a perceção dos estilos parentais autoritários e
permissivos, resultam num nível inferior de bem-estar na amostra. Os resultados levam a
concluir a importância que as atitudes e práticas educativas têm no desenvolvimento do
indivíduo e a necessidade de serem adotadas práticas parentais mais conscientes e positivas
que potencializem o bem-estar.
According to the literature, the quality of parental care is defined as the most relevant variable for human behaviour and development (Sroufe, 2002). The investigations performed out have demonstrated the existence of important associations, between parenting styles and the higher education students, in several areas, including academic performance, psychopathology and well-being (Maccoby & Martin, 1983). This study aims to analyse the impact of parenting styles on the well-being of university students. The sample is constituted of 279 participants, aged between 18 and 62 years. The instruments used were, the Complementary Questionnaire about Parenting Styles – Children's Perspective, which was built for this purpose; the Experience Well-being Scale, developed by Pocinho and Garcês (2019) and the Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale, adapted by Pais-Ribeiro et al. (2004). The results achieved allowed us to respond to the main objective of the investigation, it possible to verify that parenting styles are significantly correlated with the well-being of higher education students. More specifically, the perception of a democratic parenting style is positively related to their well-being, while the perception of authoritarian and permissive parenting styles results in a lower level of well-being in the participants. The results lead to conclude the importance that educational attitudes and practices have in the individual's development, and the need to adopt more conscious and positive parenting practices that enhance well-being (Weber et al., 2004).
According to the literature, the quality of parental care is defined as the most relevant variable for human behaviour and development (Sroufe, 2002). The investigations performed out have demonstrated the existence of important associations, between parenting styles and the higher education students, in several areas, including academic performance, psychopathology and well-being (Maccoby & Martin, 1983). This study aims to analyse the impact of parenting styles on the well-being of university students. The sample is constituted of 279 participants, aged between 18 and 62 years. The instruments used were, the Complementary Questionnaire about Parenting Styles – Children's Perspective, which was built for this purpose; the Experience Well-being Scale, developed by Pocinho and Garcês (2019) and the Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale, adapted by Pais-Ribeiro et al. (2004). The results achieved allowed us to respond to the main objective of the investigation, it possible to verify that parenting styles are significantly correlated with the well-being of higher education students. More specifically, the perception of a democratic parenting style is positively related to their well-being, while the perception of authoritarian and permissive parenting styles results in a lower level of well-being in the participants. The results lead to conclude the importance that educational attitudes and practices have in the individual's development, and the need to adopt more conscious and positive parenting practices that enhance well-being (Weber et al., 2004).
Description
Keywords
Bem-estar Estilos parentais Ensino Superior Jovens adultos Well-being Parenting styles Higher education Young adults Psicologia da Educação . Faculdade de Ciências Sociais