Exploring the Role of Physical Activity in Mediating the Association between Educational Level and Health-Related Quality of Life in an Adult Lifespan Sample from Madeira Island

García-Mayor, Jesús; Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio; Marques, Adilson; De la Cruz-Sánchez, Ernesto; Moreno-Llamas, Antonio; França, Cíntia; Gouveia, Bruna R.; Ihle, Andreas

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/5174

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Authors

García-Mayor, Jesús

Gouveia, Élvio Rúbio

Marques, Adilson

De la Cruz-Sánchez, Ernesto

Moreno-Llamas, Antonio

França, Cíntia

Gouveia, Bruna R.

Ihle, Andreas

Abstract(s)

People more socioeconomically vulnerable tend to have a poorer health related quality of life (HRQoL). Studies are trying to analyse the factors that may condition this relationship, including physical activity (PA), which may influence the relationship between socioe conomic status (SES) and HRQoL. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between SES and HRQoL through specific domains of PA. Methods: A total of 381 adults (≥18 years) from the Au tonomous Region of Madeira completed the measurements. Mediation analyses using bootstrapping methods adjusted for confounding variables were performed to relate SES and HRQoL; the latter was evaluated using the physical component score (PCS) of the SF-12, the mental component score (MCS) of the SF-12, and the total score in the SF-12 questionnaire (SF-12 score), through physical activity. Results: Educational level was positively related to PCS and SF-12 score. Leisure-time PA (not including sports PA) and PA at work, as single mediating variables, did not mediate the relationship between SES and HRQoL. The total PA suppressed the socioeconomic gradient of HRQoL by 8–10%, 39–46%, and 15–16%, respectively, for the PCS, MCS, and the SF-12 score; sports PA mediated the relationship by 13–16%, 50%, and 15–21%, respectively. Conclusions: The results suggest that sports PA contributes to reducing the socioeconomic gradient of HRQoL.

Keywords

Exercise Functioning Mediation analysis Perceived health Socioeconomic status Sport . Faculdade de Ciências Sociais

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/5174

Citation

García-Mayor, J.; Gouveia, É.R.; Marques, A.; De la Cruz-Sánchez, E.; Moreno-Llamas, A.; França, C.; Gouveia, B.R.; Ihle, A. Exploring the Role of Physical Activity in Mediating the Association between Educational Level and Health-Related Quality of Life in an Adult Lifespan Sample from Madeira Island. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 7608. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137608