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Detailed numerical simulation of cathode spots in vacuum arcs: Interplay of different mechanisms and ejection of droplets

2017Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorKaufmann, H. T. C.
dc.contributor.authorCunha, M. D.
dc.contributor.authorBenilov, M. S.
dc.contributor.authorHartmann, W.
dc.contributor.authorWenzel, N.
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-05T13:42:43Z
dc.date.available2022-09-05T13:42:43Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractA model of cathode spots in high-current vacuum arcs is developed with account of all the poten tially relevant mechanisms: the bombardment of the cathode surface by ions coming from a pre existing plasma cloud; vaporization of the cathode material in the spot, its ionization, and the inter action of the produced plasma with the cathode; the Joule heat generation in the cathode body; melting of the cathode material and motion of the melt under the effect of the plasma pressure and the Lorentz force and related phenomena. After the spot has been ignited by the action of the cloud (which takes a few nanoseconds), the metal in the spot is melted and accelerated toward the periph ery of the spot, with the main driving force being the pressure due to incident ions. Electron emis sion cooling and convective heat transfer are dominant mechanisms of cooling in the spot, limiting the maximum temperature of the cathode to approximately 4700–4800 K. A crater is formed on the cathode surface in this way. After the plasma cloud has been extinguished, a liquid-metal jet is formed and a droplet is ejected. No explosions have been observed. The modeling results conform to estimates of different mechanisms of cathode erosion derived from the experimental data on the net and ion erosion of copper cathodes.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationKaufmann, H. T. C., Cunha, M. D., Benilov, M. S., Hartmann, W., & Wenzel, N. (2017). Detailed numerical simulation of cathode spots in vacuum arcs: Interplay of different mechanisms and ejection of droplets. Journal of Applied Physics, 122(16), 163303. DOI: 10.1063/1.4995368pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1063/1.4995368pt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/4563
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherAmerican Institute of Physicspt_PT
dc.relationInstitute for Plasmas and Nuclear Fusion
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://aip.scitation.org/doi/full/10.1063/1.4995368pt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectVacuum arcspt_PT
dc.subjectCathode spotspt_PT
dc.subjectNumerical simulationpt_PT
dc.subjectEjection of dropletspt_PT
dc.subject.pt_PT
dc.subjectFaculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenhariapt_PT
dc.titleDetailed numerical simulation of cathode spots in vacuum arcs: Interplay of different mechanisms and ejection of dropletspt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleInstitute for Plasmas and Nuclear Fusion
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UID%2FFIS%2F50010%2F2013/PT
oaire.citation.issue16pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage163303pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Applied Physicspt_PT
oaire.citation.volume122pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
person.familyNameda Costa Kaufmann
person.familyNameCunha
person.familyNameBenilov
person.givenNameHelena Teresa
person.givenNameMário
person.givenNameMikhail
person.identifierF-9313-2019
person.identifier.ciencia-idC81B-A663-3AA1
person.identifier.ciencia-id0F14-A79A-97C1
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6740-2467
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-0397-536X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9059-1948
person.identifier.ridK-4443-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57194384877
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7102711276
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7005138676
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationc925c328-4ea8-4602-895e-a409ad12f24c
relation.isAuthorOfPublication8509472b-5d78-47db-bfa0-51625a4e9218
relation.isAuthorOfPublication5ccf95a3-53d5-446c-857c-55d64b887175
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryc925c328-4ea8-4602-895e-a409ad12f24c
relation.isProjectOfPublication773f8550-0778-4bd3-b859-600f4fca9629
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery773f8550-0778-4bd3-b859-600f4fca9629

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