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Modelling and experimental evidence of the cathode erosion in a plasma spray torch

2022Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorBaeva, M.
dc.contributor.authorBenilov, M. S.
dc.contributor.authorZhu, T.
dc.contributor.authorTestrich, H.
dc.contributor.authorKewitz, T.
dc.contributor.authorFoest, R.
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-07T08:51:06Z
dc.date.available2022-09-07T08:51:06Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractThe lifetime of tungsten cathodes used in plasma spray torches is limited by processes leading to a loss of cathode material. It was reported in the literature that the mechanism of their erosion is the evaporation. A model of the ionization layer of a cathode is developed to study the diffusive transport of evaporated tungsten atoms and tungsten ions produced due to ionization by electron impact in a background argon plasma. It is shown that the Stefan–Maxwell equations do not reduce to Fick law as one could expect for the transport of diluted species, which is due to significant diffusion velocities of argon ions. The ionization of tungsten atoms occurs in a distance of a few micrometers from the cathode surface and leads to a strong sink, which increases the net flux of tungsten atoms far beyond that obtained in absence of tungsten ions. This shows that the tungsten ions are driven by the electric field towards the cathode resulting in no net diffusive flux and no removal of tungsten species from the ionization layer even if convection is accounted for. A possible mechanism of removal is found by extending the model to comprise an anode. The extended model resolves the inter-electrode region and provides the plasma parameters for a current density corresponding to the value at the center of the cathode under typical arc currents of 600 A and 800 A. The presence of the anode causes a reversal of the electric field on the anode side, which pulls the ions away from the ionization layer of the cathode. The net flux of tungsten ions can be further fortified by convection. This model allows one to evaluate the loss of cathode material under realistic operating conditions in a quantitative agreement with measured values.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationBaeva, M., Benilov, M. S., Zhu, T., Testrich, H., Kewitz, T., & Foest, R. (2022). Modelling and experimental evidence of the cathode erosion in a plasma spray torch. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 55(36), 365202.pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/1361-6463/ac791cpt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/4577
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherIOP Publishingpt_PT
dc.relationInstitute for Plasmas and Nuclear Fusion
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6463/ac791c/metapt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectPlasma spray torchpt_PT
dc.subjectErosionpt_PT
dc.subjectTungsten cathodept_PT
dc.subjectIonization layerpt_PT
dc.subjectEvaporationpt_PT
dc.subjectField reversalpt_PT
dc.subjectConvectionpt_PT
dc.subject.pt_PT
dc.subjectFaculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenhariapt_PT
dc.titleModelling and experimental evidence of the cathode erosion in a plasma spray torchpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleInstitute for Plasmas and Nuclear Fusion
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F50010%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.issue36pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage365202pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Physics D: Applied Physicspt_PT
oaire.citation.volume55pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
person.familyNameBaeva
person.familyNameBenilov
person.familyNameZhu
person.familyNameKewitz
person.givenNameMargarita
person.givenNameMikhail
person.givenNameTao
person.givenNameThorben
person.identifier.ciencia-id0F14-A79A-97C1
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-3305-2870
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9059-1948
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-9419-4170
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8252-7265
person.identifier.ridK-4443-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7003602968
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7005138676
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication5ccf95a3-53d5-446c-857c-55d64b887175
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationd2c052fe-2904-4a12-85eb-6cb525885b67
relation.isAuthorOfPublication1453eb0c-24e7-43d3-b64f-dcca7441b1f5
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery01d05d4b-f478-47d8-9951-0ac0d5eccaa7
relation.isProjectOfPublicationc2493833-6597-4508-905f-082ca8f27b60
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