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Evaluation of the occurrence of phthalates in plastic materials used in food packaging

2021Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorPerestrelo, Rosa
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Catarina L.
dc.contributor.authorAlgarra, Manuel
dc.contributor.authorCâmara, José S.
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-03T14:47:17Z
dc.date.available2022-01-03T14:47:17Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractPhthalates are multifunctional synthetic chemicals found in a wide array of consumer and industrial products, mainly used to improve the mechanical properties of plastics, giving them flexibility and softness. In the European Union, phthalates are prohibited at levels greater than 0.1% by weight in most food packaging. In the current study, headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was optimized, through the multivariate optimization process, and validated to evaluate the occurrence of four common phthalates, di-iso-butyl phthalate (DIBP), butyl-benzyl phthalate (BBP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP), and 2,2,4,4-tetrabromodiphenyl (BDE), in different food packaging. The best extraction efficiency was achieved using the polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) fiber at 80 ◦C for 30 min. The validated method showed good linearity, precision (RSD < 13%), and recoveries (90.2 to 111%). The limit of detection (LOD) and of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.03 to 0.08 µg/L and from 0.10 to 0.24 µg/L, respectively. On average, the phthalates concentration varied largely among the assayed food packaging. DIBP was the most predominant phthalate in terms of occurrence (71.4% of analyzed simples) and concentration (from 3.61 to 10.7 µg/L). BBP was quantified in only one sample and BDE was detected in trace amounts (<LOQ) in only two samples.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationPerestrelo, R., Silva, C. L., Algarra, M., & Câmara, J. S. (2021). Evaluation of the occurrence of phthalates in plastic materials used in food packaging. Applied Sciences, 11(5), 2130. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11052130pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/app11052130pt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/3939
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMDPIpt_PT
dc.relationMadeira Chemistry Research Centre
dc.relationMadeira Chemistry Research Centre
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectPhthalatespt_PT
dc.subjectFood packagingpt_PT
dc.subjectHS-SPME/GC-qMS optimizationpt_PT
dc.subjectValidationpt_PT
dc.subject.pt_PT
dc.subjectFaculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenhariapt_PT
dc.subjectCentro de Química da Madeira
dc.titleEvaluation of the occurrence of phthalates in plastic materials used in food packagingpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleMadeira Chemistry Research Centre
oaire.awardTitleMadeira Chemistry Research Centre
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00674%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00674%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.issue5pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage2130pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleApplied Sciencespt_PT
oaire.citation.volume11pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
person.familyNamePerestrelo
person.familyNameSousa Luís
person.familyNameCâmara
person.givenNameRosa
person.givenNameCatarina Grace
person.givenNameJosé
person.identifier1441319
person.identifierC-1300-2019
person.identifierG-3003-2013
person.identifier.ciencia-id251A-D5F7-9E32
person.identifier.ciencia-id9813-3B88-BA8D
person.identifier.ciencia-id481C-08CE-90E5
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7223-1022
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3018-3165
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1965-3151
person.identifier.ridI-2307-2014
person.identifier.scopus-author-id16686828800
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57194492726
person.identifier.scopus-author-id10140393000
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication2853e6b6-0fb5-454c-aedb-05528b76c484
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