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Abstract(s)
A prática discursiva, designada pelo empréstimo fake news, caracteriza-se pela
disseminação intencional de informação falsa, duvidosa ou (des)informação. Além de ser
uma ameaça para as democracias e para o jornalismo, pode também consistir num risco
para a saúde pública.
O objetivo desta investigação consiste em realizar uma análise pragmática de deíticos, em corpora de notícias, e dos respetivos anúncios publicitários, de conteúdo
(pseudo)científico e (pseudo)medicinal, extraídos de dois sites
. Estes sites têm sido considerados veiculadores de fake news ou
notícias falsas pela imprensa diária portuguesa, nomeadamente pelo Diário de Notícias e
pelo Jornal de Notícias. Recorre-se à metodologia quantitativa da Linguística de Corpus e ao programa de
concordâncias WordSmith Tools, versão 7, para extrair listas de frequência, listas de
palavras por ordem alfabética, clusters e linhas de concordância das ocorrências. Efetua-se uma análise discursiva de deíticos no plano enunciativo, no enquadramento
teórico da proximização. Definida como uma estratégia pragmático-cognitiva de redução
da distância, permite manipular ou ampliar a proximidade espacial, temporal, pessoal,
emocional, epistémica ou axiológica. Ao forçar uma representação proximal de
determinadas perspetivações conceptuais, persuade, consequentemente, o alocutário a
aderir ou a identificar-se mais facilmente com o conteúdo veiculado (cf. Cap, 2006, 2008,
2010a-b, 2013a-b, 2014a-c, 2015, 2017; Chilton, 2004, 2005, 2010, 2014; Kopytowska,
2013, 2014a-b, 2015a- -b).
Nos corpora em estudo, constata-se que se investe sobretudo nos tipos de
proximização emocional, pessoal e temporal, o que pode contribuir, em combinação com
outras características, para a identificação de notícias falsas. Os resultados indicam que
futuras investigações podem centrar-se na análise de deíticos, tais como pronomes
pessoais e possessivos, de primeira e de segunda pessoas, bem como a pessoa verbal, o
Imperativo, o infinitivo, o aspeto progressivo, além de tempos verbais no Presente.
The discursive practice, called fake news, is characterized by the intentional dissemination of false or dubious content, or (mis)information. Besides being a threat to democracies and journalism, it can also be a risk for public health. The objective of this investigation is to undertake a pragmatic analysis of deictic items in news corpora and their corresponding advertisements of (pseudo)scientific and ites have been considered to spread fake news by the Portuguese daily press, namely Diário de Notícias and Jornal de Notícias. The quantitative methodology of Corpus Linguistics, as well as WordSmith Tools concordance, version 7, are used to extract frequency lists, alphabetical word lists, clusters, and concordance lines of the occurrences. A discursive analysis of deictic items is undertaken, in the theoretical framework of -cognitive strategy of distance reduction, it allows to manipulate or improve the spatial, temporal, personal, emotional, epistemic or axiological proximity. By forcing a proximal representation of certain construals, it consequently persuades the hearer to adhere to or identify more easily with the content conveyed (cf. Cap, 2006, 2008, 2010a-b, 2013a-b, 2014a-c, 2015, 2017; Chilton, 2004, 2005, 2010, 2014; Kopytowska, 2013, 2014a-b, 2015a-c, 2018; Kopytowska, Grabowski -b). In the corpora under study, there is an investment on emotional, personal and temporal proximization types, which can contribute, in combination with other characteristics, to the identification of fake news. The results indicate that future investigations can focus on the analysis of deictic items, such as personal and possessive pronouns of first and second person, as well as, grammatical person, the imperative, the infinitive, the progressive aspect, in addition to present verb tenses.
The discursive practice, called fake news, is characterized by the intentional dissemination of false or dubious content, or (mis)information. Besides being a threat to democracies and journalism, it can also be a risk for public health. The objective of this investigation is to undertake a pragmatic analysis of deictic items in news corpora and their corresponding advertisements of (pseudo)scientific and ites have been considered to spread fake news by the Portuguese daily press, namely Diário de Notícias and Jornal de Notícias. The quantitative methodology of Corpus Linguistics, as well as WordSmith Tools concordance, version 7, are used to extract frequency lists, alphabetical word lists, clusters, and concordance lines of the occurrences. A discursive analysis of deictic items is undertaken, in the theoretical framework of -cognitive strategy of distance reduction, it allows to manipulate or improve the spatial, temporal, personal, emotional, epistemic or axiological proximity. By forcing a proximal representation of certain construals, it consequently persuades the hearer to adhere to or identify more easily with the content conveyed (cf. Cap, 2006, 2008, 2010a-b, 2013a-b, 2014a-c, 2015, 2017; Chilton, 2004, 2005, 2010, 2014; Kopytowska, 2013, 2014a-b, 2015a-c, 2018; Kopytowska, Grabowski -b). In the corpora under study, there is an investment on emotional, personal and temporal proximization types, which can contribute, in combination with other characteristics, to the identification of fake news. The results indicate that future investigations can focus on the analysis of deictic items, such as personal and possessive pronouns of first and second person, as well as, grammatical person, the imperative, the infinitive, the progressive aspect, in addition to present verb tenses.
Description
Keywords
Pragmática Dêixis Linguística de corpus Notícias falsas Proximização Representações do discurso (pseudo)cientifico e (pseudo)medicinal Pragmatics Deixis Corpus Linguistics Fake news Proximization Representations of (pseudo)scientific and (pseudo)medical discourse . Faculdade de Artes e Humanidades