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Publication
SmartEnergy: rede inteligente de gestão de energia elétrica em edifícios
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.01 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os sistemas de domótica são cada vez mais utilizados para gerir a energia conseguindo-se
uma redução do custo. Devido à facilidade de interligação com os sistemas de iluminação e
gestão ambiental de uma casa, um sistema de domótica é uma plataforma adequada para a
implementação de sistemas de despacho de energia capazes de interagir com a disponibilidade da
energia da rede eléctrica.
Um sistema de despacho de energia monitoriza o estado a rede eléctrica e efectua o
controlo das cargas ligadas à rede. A proliferação de sistemas de despacho domésticos
proporciona uma gestão mais eficiente da rede eléctrica, trazendo benefícios económicos. A taxa
de aumento significativo destes sistemas de despacho domésticos só será mais atractiva se o
custo for reduzido para uma maior quantidade de consumidores.
Neste projecto de mestrado foi implementado um protótipo de um sistema de automação
capaz de interligar diferentes protocolos de automação, de forma a aproveitar as características
de cada protocolo para se obter um custo mais reduzido e simplificar a instalação. Foi
desenvolvida uma gateway que utiliza um protocolo interno que faz a abstracção entre os
protocolos. Esta camada de abstracção protocolar permite a normalização do desenvolvimento de
aplicações, da gestão da rede e da comunicação entre equipamentos.
Para implementar o sistema de despacho foi desenvolvida uma aplicação que corre sobre
o sistema de automação, permitindo gerir o estado da rede eléctrica através da activação e
desactivação de cargas.
O sistema de automação efectua a troca de mensagens entre os diferentes protocolos de
uma forma genérica. O custo do sistema foi reduzido através da escolha de actuadores X10,
reduzindo o custo dos actuadores em aproximadamente 45% em comparação com um
equipamento KNX semelhante.
O sistema de gestão de energia demonstrou melhorar a eficiência e fiabilidade da rede,
respondendo às variações do consumo e produção.
Home automation systems are being increasingly used to manage energy consumption, reducing energy cost. Because of the easy interconnection with the lighting and environmental systems of a home, the home management system is a suitable platform for the implementation of demand response systems, capable of interacting with the availability of power from the grid. The demand response system monitors the power grid and controls the loads connected to the grid. The proliferation of domestic demand response systems enables a more efficient management of the power grid, bringing with it economic benefits. The increase rate of such demand response systems will only be more attractive if the cost is reduced for a greater number of consumers. In this Master’s project a prototype of an automation system capable of interconnecting different automation protocols was implemented, in order to take advantage of the characteristics of each protocol and to provide a lower system cost and easier installation. A gateway was developed, that uses an internal protocol and makes an abstraction of the protocols. This protocol abstraction layer allows the standardization of application development, network management and communication between devices. To implement the demand response system, an application that runs on the automation system was developed, allowing it to manage the power grid state through the activation and deactivation of loads. The automation system performs the exchange of messages between different protocols in a generic way. The system cost was reduced by the selection of X10 actuators, reducing in approximately 45% the cost of the actuators in comparison to a similar KNX device. The management system demonstrated an improvement of the energy efficiency and network reliability, by responding to the variations of the production and consumption of energy.
Home automation systems are being increasingly used to manage energy consumption, reducing energy cost. Because of the easy interconnection with the lighting and environmental systems of a home, the home management system is a suitable platform for the implementation of demand response systems, capable of interacting with the availability of power from the grid. The demand response system monitors the power grid and controls the loads connected to the grid. The proliferation of domestic demand response systems enables a more efficient management of the power grid, bringing with it economic benefits. The increase rate of such demand response systems will only be more attractive if the cost is reduced for a greater number of consumers. In this Master’s project a prototype of an automation system capable of interconnecting different automation protocols was implemented, in order to take advantage of the characteristics of each protocol and to provide a lower system cost and easier installation. A gateway was developed, that uses an internal protocol and makes an abstraction of the protocols. This protocol abstraction layer allows the standardization of application development, network management and communication between devices. To implement the demand response system, an application that runs on the automation system was developed, allowing it to manage the power grid state through the activation and deactivation of loads. The automation system performs the exchange of messages between different protocols in a generic way. The system cost was reduced by the selection of X10 actuators, reducing in approximately 45% the cost of the actuators in comparison to a similar KNX device. The management system demonstrated an improvement of the energy efficiency and network reliability, by responding to the variations of the production and consumption of energy.
Description
Keywords
Domótica Gateway de múltiplos protocolos Despacho de energia XBee X10 KNX Domotics Multi-protocol gateway Automatic demand response Engenharia de Telecomunicações e Redes . Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia