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Publication
Avaliação da eficácia de um programa de mindfulness no bem-estar
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Authors
Abstract(s)
Na atualidade, os constantes desafios geram a necessidade de inovar estratégias
facilitadoras de qualidade de vida, que promovam o bem-estar físico e mental. Nesse sentido,
o Mindfulness, adaptado pela psicologia ocidental, aparece como um poderoso aliado, pois
defende uma forma de estar totalmente presente na vida, de modo que as experiências –
positivas ou negativas – sejam aceites com abertura e sem julgamentos. Por sua vez, esta atitude
reduz imenso a ansiedade e stress. Nessa lógica, e porque as crianças também estão expostas a
novos desafios, este estudo apresenta a avaliação da eficácia de um programa de Mindfulness
em crianças. O programa desenvolve-se em cinco sessões, planeadas com atividades ajustadas
às idades da amostra. A amostra foi de 49 alunos do 1º e 2º ano, com idades entre os 6 e os 8
anos. Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo, em momentos de pré e pós teste, com dados
recolhidos por múltiplas fontes (triangulação) - os próprios participantes, as professoras
titulares de turma e o dinamizador das sessões. Aos alunos foi aplicada a Escala do Bem-Estar
e o PERMA. No caso dos professores e dinamizador foi utilizada uma grelha criada para efeitos
do estudo. Foi possível verificar uma melhoria das variáveis relacionadas com o bem-estar, sem
diferenças de género, nomeadamente o aumento da atenção plena, do envolvimento e
consequente diminuição da ansiedade. O estudo evidência vantagens de programas de
Mindfulness nas escolas e questões práticas a refletir para uma maior eficácia.
Nowadays, with the constant challenges people face, comes the growing need for new strategies that help maintain a good quality of life, that in turn promotesthe physical and mental well-being of the individual. In that logic, Mindfulness, adapted by the occidental psychology, appears as a powerful ally, as it defends a way to be present in life in which the individual faces every experience – positive or negative – in an open, judgement free way. Consecutively, this mindful attitude reduces anxiety and stress. Since children are also exposed to new challenges, this study presents an evaluation of a Mindfulness program applied to children. This program consists of five sessions, planned according to the ages they are being applied to. The study sample consisted of 49 participants, 1st and 2nd year students, aged between 6 and 8 years. This is a quantitative study, in two different moments, in which the data was collected from multiple sources (triangulation) - the participants themselves, the teachers of that class and the program facilitator. The scales applied to the participants were The Experiential Wellbeing Scale and PERMA. The professors and facilitator filled up an observational chart made for this effect. The results mostly showed an improvement in the variables, with no gender differences found, connected to wellbeing, like the increase in engagement and the mindful attention, as well as a decrease in anxiety traits. The study highlights advantages of Mindfulness programs in schools and practical issues to reflect for greater effectiveness.
Nowadays, with the constant challenges people face, comes the growing need for new strategies that help maintain a good quality of life, that in turn promotesthe physical and mental well-being of the individual. In that logic, Mindfulness, adapted by the occidental psychology, appears as a powerful ally, as it defends a way to be present in life in which the individual faces every experience – positive or negative – in an open, judgement free way. Consecutively, this mindful attitude reduces anxiety and stress. Since children are also exposed to new challenges, this study presents an evaluation of a Mindfulness program applied to children. This program consists of five sessions, planned according to the ages they are being applied to. The study sample consisted of 49 participants, 1st and 2nd year students, aged between 6 and 8 years. This is a quantitative study, in two different moments, in which the data was collected from multiple sources (triangulation) - the participants themselves, the teachers of that class and the program facilitator. The scales applied to the participants were The Experiential Wellbeing Scale and PERMA. The professors and facilitator filled up an observational chart made for this effect. The results mostly showed an improvement in the variables, with no gender differences found, connected to wellbeing, like the increase in engagement and the mindful attention, as well as a decrease in anxiety traits. The study highlights advantages of Mindfulness programs in schools and practical issues to reflect for greater effectiveness.
Description
Keywords
Mindfulness Psicologia positiva Bem-estar Atenção plena Positive psychology Well-being Psicologia da Educação . Faculdade de Artes e Humanidades