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Estratégias de coping para lidar com o bullying: um estudo com adolescentes da Região Autónoma da Madeira
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Abstract(s)
Ao longo dos últimos anos, tem surgido diversos casos de violência nas escolas, e têm
ganho maior pertinência nos media social, acarretando grande preocupação aos pais,
professores, alunos e à sociedade. Este fenómeno é denominado por bullying, e é
definido como as ações e comportamentos antissociais e violentos, que ocorrem em
particular no meio escolar, praticado frequentemente por estudantes. Esta investigação
tem como objetivo geral analisar as estratégias de coping, respetivamente a empatia e a
autocompaixão, que os adolescentes (vítimas, agressores e testemunhas) têm para lidar
com situações de bullying e de adversidades. A recolha de dados teve por base um
design transversal, com aplicação duma bateria de instrumentos (questionário
identificação dos participantes do bullying [QIPB], escala da autocompaixão, e a escala
básica da empatia), de forma presencial pela investigadora, a 413 alunos representativos
dos 2º e 3º ciclos das escolas da região autónoma da Madeira RAM, com uma média de
13 anos de idade. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os agressores são
maioritariamente os rapazes, bem como os que possuem menos estratégias de coping
(empatia e autocompaixão). Além disso, as vítimas estão em maior número no sexo
feminino. As raparigas possuem níveis de empatia e de autocompaixão superior aos
rapazes, e incluem o maior grupo de testemunhas. Face a estes resultados é necessário
desenvolver programas de prevenção e apoio às várias experiências de bullying, de
maneira a diminuir as situações de violência em contexto escolar.
Over the past few years, there have been several cases of violence in schools, and they have gained greater relevance on social media, causing great concern to parents, teachers, students and society. This phenomenon is called bullying and is defined as antisocial and violent actions and behaviors, which occur in particular in the school environment, often practiced by students. The general objective of this research is to analyze the coping strategies, respectively empathy and self-compassion, that adolescents (victims, aggressors and witnesses) must deal with situations of bullying and adversity. Data collection was based on a cross-sectional design, with the application of a battery of instruments (questionnaire identification of bullying participants [QIPB], self-compassion scale, and the basic empathy scale), in person by the researcher, to 413 student’s representatives of the 2nd and 3rd cycles of schools in the autonomous region of Madeira RAM, with an average age of 13 years. The results obtained show that the aggressors are mostly boys, as well as those who have fewer coping strategies (empathy and self-compassion). In addition, the victims are in greater number of females. Girls have higher levels of empathy and self-compassion than boys and include the largest group of witnesses. In view of these results, it is necessary to develop prevention programs and support for the various experiences of bullying, in order to reduce situations of violence in the school context.
Over the past few years, there have been several cases of violence in schools, and they have gained greater relevance on social media, causing great concern to parents, teachers, students and society. This phenomenon is called bullying and is defined as antisocial and violent actions and behaviors, which occur in particular in the school environment, often practiced by students. The general objective of this research is to analyze the coping strategies, respectively empathy and self-compassion, that adolescents (victims, aggressors and witnesses) must deal with situations of bullying and adversity. Data collection was based on a cross-sectional design, with the application of a battery of instruments (questionnaire identification of bullying participants [QIPB], self-compassion scale, and the basic empathy scale), in person by the researcher, to 413 student’s representatives of the 2nd and 3rd cycles of schools in the autonomous region of Madeira RAM, with an average age of 13 years. The results obtained show that the aggressors are mostly boys, as well as those who have fewer coping strategies (empathy and self-compassion). In addition, the victims are in greater number of females. Girls have higher levels of empathy and self-compassion than boys and include the largest group of witnesses. In view of these results, it is necessary to develop prevention programs and support for the various experiences of bullying, in order to reduce situations of violence in the school context.
Description
Keywords
Bullying Empatia Autocompaixão Adolescentes Madeira (Portugal) Empathy Self-compassion Adolescents Psicologia da Educação . Faculdade de Artes e Humanidades