Simultaneous microextraction of pesticides from wastewater using optimized μSPEed and μQuEChERS techniques for food contamination analysis

García-Cansino, Laura; Ángeles García, María; Marina, María Luisa; Câmara, José S.; Pereira, Jorge A. M.; Câmara, José; Augusto Machado Pereira, Jorge

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/7209

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Authors

García-Cansino, Laura

Ángeles García, María

Augusto Machado Pereira, Jorge

Abstract(s)

Food contamination with pesticides poses significant risks to consumer safety and undermines confidence in food supply chains. Detecting pesticides in food samples is a challenging task that requires efficient extraction techniques. This study aims to compare and validate two micro extraction techniques, μSPEed and μQuEChERS-dSPE, for the simultaneous extraction of eight pesticides (paraquat, thiabendazole, asulam, picloram, ametryn, atrazine, linuron, and cymox anil) from wastewater samples. A good analytical performance was obtained for both method ologies, with selectivity, linearity in the range 0.5–150 mg L− 1 with coefficients of determination up to 0.9979, limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) ranging from 0.02 to 0.05 mg L− 1 and from 0.06 to 0.17 mg L− 1 , respectively, precision below 14.7 mg L− 1 , and re coveries from wastewater samples in the range of 66.1–99.9%. The developed methodologies are simpler, faster, and require less sample and solvent volumes than conventional methodologies, having a lower impact on the environment. Nevertheless, the μSPEed approach was found to be more efficient, easier to perform, and with a higher greener profile. This study highlights the potential of microextraction techniques for the analysis of pesticide residues in food and envi ronmental samples. Overall, it presents a fast and efficient method for the analysis of pesticides in wastewater samples, which can be useful for monitoring and controlling pesticide contamination in the environment.

Keywords

Pesticides Microextraction μSPEed μQuEChERS Wastewater Sample preparation Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Residue analysis Environmental monitoring EU legislation Maximum residue levels Validation . Centro de Química da Madeira Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia