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Abstract(s)
O objetivo foi investigar o dimorfismo sexual, a estabilidade e a mudança no
crescimento somático e desempenho motor em crianças dos 3 aos 5 anos.
A amostra foi composta por 55 (23 raparigas e 32 rapazes) alunos do Colégio
do Marítimo. O crescimento, através do peso, altura e perímetro de cintura, foi
aferido seguindo o protocolo descrito no The Leuven Growth Study. O desem penho motor foi avaliado através da Preschool Test Battery. A avaliação reali zou-se em 2 anos letivos consecutivos. O teste Mann-Whitney, a correlação
de Spearman e o Wilcoxon signed rank test foram utilizados na análise.
A altura revelou diferenças (U= 230,0; W= 819,0; p= 0,03) entre meninas
(Md= 107,70) e meninos (Md= 104,40) no 1º ano, bem como um ano mais
tarde. As meninas apresentaram valores medianos estaturais (Md= 112,10)
superiores aos meninos (Md= 108,10). No desempenho motor, observaram se diferenças com significado estatístico no lançamento da bola de ténis nos
dois momentos de avaliação. Os meninos (Md= 5,01) lançaram distâncias
superiores às meninas (Md= 3,79), nos 1º e 2º momentos de avaliação (Md= 5,74 e Md= 4,71, respetivamente). A altura, nas raparigas, foi a variável que
revelou maior estabilidade da 1ª para a 2ª avaliação (rho= 0,98). No desem penho motor, as correlações mais elevadas foram observadas na corrida de
ida-e-volta para as meninas (rho> 0,85) e na corrida de velocidade para os
meninos (rho> 0,83). A maior expressão na mudança foi observada no peso
corporal, nas meninas (Z= -2,37; p= 0,018). Os scores medianos aumentaram
dos 3 (Md= 15,40) para os 4 anos (Md= 17,40). Resultados similares foram
observados na altura. No desempenho motor foram observadas melhorias
estatisticamente significativas na quase totalidade dos testes. Exceções foram
observadas na impulsão horizontal (Z= -1,86, p= 0,077; meninas), corrida de
velocidade (Z= -1,83, p= 0,068; meninos) e lançamento da bola de ténis (Z=
-1,85, p= 0,064; meninos).
As diferenças entre sexos no crescimento somático e desempenho motor
estão presentes em idade pré-escolar. A estabilidade foi elevada nas variáveis
somáticas e melhorias no desempenho motor foram mais evidentes dos 4
para os 5 anos.
The aim of this study was to investigate sexual dimorphism, stability and chan ge in somatic growth and motor performance in children, from 3 to 5 years. The sample consisted of 55 students (23 girls and 32 boys) from Colégio do Marítimo. Growth, through weight, height and waist circumference, was measured following the protocol described in The Leuven Growth Study. Motor performance was assessed through Preschool Test Battery. The evaluation was carried out in 2 consecutive school years. The Mann-Whitney test, the Spearman correlation and the Wilcoxon signed rank test were used in the analysis. The height revealed differences (U= 230,0; W= 819,0; p= 0,03) among girls (Md= 107,70) and boys (Md= 104,40) at the 1st evaluation moment, as well as in the following year´s evaluation. The girls had higher (Md= 112,10) mean values than boys (Md= 108,10). In motor performance, statistically significant differences were observed in the throwing of the tennis ball in the two moments of evaluation. The boys (Md= 5,01) launched distances higher than the girls (Md= 3,79) in the 1st and 2nd evaluation (Md= 5,74 e Md= 4,71 moments respectively. The height in girls was the variable that showed greater stabi lity from the 1st to the 2nd evaluation (rho= 0,98). In motor performance, the highest correlations were observed in the scramble for girls (rho> 0,85) and speed run for boys (rho> 0,83). The greatest expression in the change was observed in body weight in girls. (Z= -2,37; p= 0,018). Median scores increa sed from 3 (Md= 15,4) to 4 years (Md= 17,4). Similar results were observed at height. In motor performance, statistically significant improvements were obser ved in almost all tests. Exceptions have been observed in horizontal jump (Z= -1,86, p= 0,077; girls), speed run (Z= -1,83, p= 0,068; boys) and tennis ball throw (Z= -1,85, p= 0,064; boys). Differences between genders in somatic growth and motor performance are present at preschool age. Stability was high in somatic variables and improve ments in motor performance were more evident from 4 to 5 years
The aim of this study was to investigate sexual dimorphism, stability and chan ge in somatic growth and motor performance in children, from 3 to 5 years. The sample consisted of 55 students (23 girls and 32 boys) from Colégio do Marítimo. Growth, through weight, height and waist circumference, was measured following the protocol described in The Leuven Growth Study. Motor performance was assessed through Preschool Test Battery. The evaluation was carried out in 2 consecutive school years. The Mann-Whitney test, the Spearman correlation and the Wilcoxon signed rank test were used in the analysis. The height revealed differences (U= 230,0; W= 819,0; p= 0,03) among girls (Md= 107,70) and boys (Md= 104,40) at the 1st evaluation moment, as well as in the following year´s evaluation. The girls had higher (Md= 112,10) mean values than boys (Md= 108,10). In motor performance, statistically significant differences were observed in the throwing of the tennis ball in the two moments of evaluation. The boys (Md= 5,01) launched distances higher than the girls (Md= 3,79) in the 1st and 2nd evaluation (Md= 5,74 e Md= 4,71 moments respectively. The height in girls was the variable that showed greater stabi lity from the 1st to the 2nd evaluation (rho= 0,98). In motor performance, the highest correlations were observed in the scramble for girls (rho> 0,85) and speed run for boys (rho> 0,83). The greatest expression in the change was observed in body weight in girls. (Z= -2,37; p= 0,018). Median scores increa sed from 3 (Md= 15,4) to 4 years (Md= 17,4). Similar results were observed at height. In motor performance, statistically significant improvements were obser ved in almost all tests. Exceptions have been observed in horizontal jump (Z= -1,86, p= 0,077; girls), speed run (Z= -1,83, p= 0,068; boys) and tennis ball throw (Z= -1,85, p= 0,064; boys). Differences between genders in somatic growth and motor performance are present at preschool age. Stability was high in somatic variables and improve ments in motor performance were more evident from 4 to 5 years
Description
Keywords
Crianças Crescimento Performance Madeira (Portugal) Children Growth . Faculdade de Ciências Sociais
Citation
Antunes, A. M., Sousa, R., Osório, R., Lopes, S., Bessa, H., Valério, B., ... & Freitas, D. (2018). Crescimento somático e desempenho motor de crianças madeirenses do pré-escolar. Egitania Sciencia, 37-55.
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico da Guarda