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- Local products and gastronomy valuation for tourism and food sustainability in the Autonomous Region of MadeiraPublication . Sousa, Bruno; Mota, LuísIn small islands, trade-off faces continuous challenges due to insularity and reduced land availability for local crop production. Having climate change as a global issue impacting also on the Autonomous Region of Madeira, there is a need for adaptation regarding the management of coastal areas and land surface for food production, likewise housing and policy making. The assessment of the relation between tourism and food sustainability in Madeira is important for understanding sustainable levels of production and needs for a wide-ranging nutrition. Natural resources such as the Laurisilva of Madeira and the Atlantic Ocean are vital for biodiversity, granting local livelihood and motivation for visiting the Madeira islands. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations presented as its main axes to invest for food sustainability: improving resource efficiency; take direct action to conserve, protect and improve natural resources; protect rural livelihoods and improve equity and social welfare; improve the resilience of people, communities and ecosystems, especially climate change and market volatility; and promote good governance for better sustainability of natural and human systems. To attenuate impacts, the use of local and seasonal foods should therefore be encouraged, thereby reducing the energy, time, packaging and transport costs of food imports. Foods with the lowest environmental impact correspond to foods for which is recommended a higher consumption, namely vegetables, fruit, whole grains and their derivatives and tubers. Thus, in the Autonomous Region of Madeira, we have many of these typical local products, such as bananas, passion fruit, wheat, corn, beans, potatoes, sweet potatoes, yams, among many other foods. In this way we value the cultural roots, the environment and we can contribute to the tourism, as these are increasingly determining factors for those visiting this region.
- Exploring the impact of climate change on lodging establishments: a systematic literature reviewPublication . Mota, Luís; Leite, Eduardo; Ghasemi, VahidPurpose This study aimed to identify scientific research concentrating on climate change impacts on accommodation services and examine the most relevant outputs related to man agement strategies due to exposure to climate change. Methodology It used a systematic review of the literature of scientific articles published in the Web of Science and SCOPUS. The search strings were validated by academics, who suggested adding more keywords for studying the relationship between accommodation settings and climate change. As a result, four search strings were established and identified 39 articles for qualitative analysis with MAXQDA. Findings Some studies asserted that corporate social responsibility is important for mit igating climate change issues. hotels work together with local businesses, enforcing the community’s adaptive capacity to climate change and supporting the need for education and training programs to understand climate change risks better. Moreover, green human resources management directly relates to the level of environmental awareness in local communities. Using air conditioning for combating heat waves consumes high amounts of energy. One option lies in energy-efficient buildings such as passive houses, using compact designs for reducing the cost of operation. Currently, hotel operations rely more on being more transparent regarding informing guests and influencing eco-friendly choices. On the other hand, there is an investment in training employees regarding good practices for energy use and management. Such action leads to accountable energy savings. Nevertheless, hotels still struggling to adapt because of their elevated energy consumption for heating, hot water, lightning, or cooling aggregates.
- Remarks from tourism planning and sustainable tourism-A bibliometric studyPublication . Mota, Luís; Teixeira, Sérgio; Gonçalves, FredericaTourism is emphasized as one of the sectors with the greatest potential for expansion on a global scale; therefore, it is important to understand related factors regarding tourism planning and sustainability. The main contribution of this study is to identify research trends linked to the keywords, respective gaps and specific needs for future scientific research within the research field of tourism planning and sustainable development. Using VOSviewer Software and applying bibliometric techniques, visualization maps of the intellectual structure were created for a systematic review of the literature. The number of articles published and the number of annual citations for the period 1997 to 2017 of the Web of Science database were used for this purpose. The results draw attention to multiple research clusters focused on the intellectual structure of tourism planning and sustainable development.
- Tourism Guidance Tracking and Safety PlatformPublication . Gonçalves, Frederica; Martins, Ana Lúcia; Ferreira, João Carlos; Marques, Eduardo; Andrade, Magno; Mota, LuísWe propose a platform for tourism Guidance Tracking and Safety (GTS) based on beacons Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), mobile device App and a central cloud server. Context information is provided to improve tourism trans portation options taking into account local offer and a collaborative gamified ap proach is applied to share trips and advice natural trails walk. Guidance, safety is provided in remote natural walks and a case application in Madeira, island Leva das, natural trails. This work is the results of a submitted project between ICSTE IUL and Madeira University used to create a tool to get tourism data, advice and orient tourism for ecological trails.
- Sport tourism and destination planningPublication . Valls, Josep-Francesc; Mota, Luís; Franco, Mara; Teixeira, Sérgio
- Reopening for Business Post-COVID-19: Augmented Reality as a Strategy for Attracting Visitors to a Tourist DestinationPublication . Franco, Mara; Mota, LuísCritical thoughts about tourist destinations overcoming and mitigating impacts from COVID-19 lie in the opportunities created by the pandemic. In this paper, an innovative way to attract tourists to Madeira Island and specifically for the Caminho Real (CR) is proposed, assisted by augmented reality. There are important con siderations for developing software suitable for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets; values and benefits for sustainable tourism development and for being an educational experience respecting social dis tancing; and services included in the augmented reality application. Therefore, some propositions are presented to evaluate the possibility of augmented reality as a secure opportunity to show historical, cultural, and eth nographic aspects when visiting a tourist destination, while respecting social-distancing constraints.
- Exploring environmental satisfaction in tourist sites: a view to Madeira IslandPublication . Mota, Luís; Franco, Mara; Marques, Renato; Gaspar, BrunoCharacterizing tourism sustainability and studying environmental satisfaction in tourist sites, is part of a pilot study taking place in Madeira island. Tourism stakeholders and associations of relevant tourism services were interviewed to diagnose environmental issues arising from tourism activity and to identify tourist sites with priority in the study. Satisfaction was benchmarked in four tourist sites using individual attributes and overall fulfilment after experience on Madeira island. Sites ranged from two well-known walking routes in Rabaçal and Ribeiro Frio, representing a concern regarding conservation and visitation to the UNESCO site, the Laurisilva of Madeira; the viewpoint of Cape Girão with a skywalk positioned at 580m high, and the Santa Maria Street in Funchal, a popular street for eating-out, nightlife and street art paintings on entrance doors of the buildings. The experimental hypotheses assumed the same satisfaction level for all sites and by comparing Means of independent samples T-test, tourist sites were benchmarked for the study. Ribeiro Frio was pointed out as hotspot for tourism activity with many apprehensions, but statistics revealed the highest level of environmental satisfaction among visitors and tourists, followed by the viewpoint of Cabo Girão, Rabaçal and Santa Maria Street, and. Despite satisfaction being linked to the amount of people crowding an area, Ribeiro Frio was downgraded to the last position regarding on-site concentration of people. Such information is crucial for tourism planning and to assist further development. Parks, protected areas and tourist sites have attached an important perceived value, having managers interested in understanding visitors’ opinion in order to overcome challenges related to management, protection and conservation issues.
- Standardized Reading of Sustainable Tourism Indicators for Ultraperipheral RegionsPublication . Leite, Eduardo; Mota, Luís; Lousada, Sérgio; Leite, AnaSustainable development raises various challenges in terms of UPR for putting public policies into effect, and the concept, namely about the definition of metrics, is adapted to small parcels of territory. The objective of the present study is to introduce an alphanumeric reading scale for the tourism sustainability indicators in UPR, to be precise, Madeira and the Azores to allow a better interpretation and understanding. A total of 25 indicators were compared in the last 5 years and with the COVID-19 pandemic, although there are positive performances, a lack of data was observed for some indicators, and some lack of information in the last 2 years or more. During the last 5 years, the pillar of environmental sustainability has maintained its ideal form, but in comparison with the last 2 years, it has moved to critical status, which is in part a consequence of the lack of recorded data. There are indicators that are not registered on the UPR and some data from Turismo de Portugal refer only to the mainland zone. The major implication is raised in terms of the existing indicator systems, which are not all provided periodically, influencing the interpretation of the indicators of Portuguese UPR. Consequently, assertive, sustainable decisions are difficult to be taken based on non-existent or insufficient data.
- Opportunities for Slow Tourism in MadeiraPublication . Valls, Josep-Francesc; Mota, Luís; Vieira, Sara Cristina Freitas; Santos, RossanaThe slow tourism movement is gaining popularity as more destinations focus on the local environment and heritage experience. The approach to slow tourism usually occurs either when traditional destinations exhaust their life cycle with an evident reduction in sustainability, or when newly emerging destinations decide to develop in this way. The case of Madeira is different; the island has several decades of tourism development without excessive pressure or overcrowding, and in planning for the future it wants to sustain these conditions. Seeking to understand Madeira’s perception of the development model, we surveyed entrepreneurs in Madeira’s lodging, restaurant and bar, shopping, transportation, intermediation, and tourist activity industries, as well as its public sector. Even without having encountered the popularized the ideas of slow tourism, Madeira’s tourism entrepreneurs show significant alignment with the values of quieter tourism. In contrast to its mature counterparts (i.e., Europe’s other popular sun and beach destinations), for Madeira it is not a question of destroying or rehabilitating, but rather of continuing sustainable development processes. Our results suggest that although slow tourism is typically a reaction to a very advanced phase of the life cycle, it can be the result of an endogenous impulse, as is true for Madeira.
- Social Carrying Capacity in Island Destinations: Interpreting Visitors’ Opinions in Madeira IslandPublication . Mota, Luís; Franco, Mara; Santos, RossanaSocial carrying capacity is an additional dimension of tourism carrying capacity. This paper aims to provide further understanding beyond physi cal values describing carrying capacity for a touristic site on an island destination, namely, the Laurisilva of Madeira. This UNESCO site is the major tourist attraction on the island. The component of social carrying capac ity was added to assess satisfaction levels registered in 481 completed questionnaires and find relevant factors reflecting social values and enjoyment while visiting the site. Nonparametric tests were performed to study the relationship between sociodemographic variables and satisfaction measurements. Statistically, cleanliness and natural conditions, trail amenities, trail conditions, envi ronmental conditions, and pollution levels were the five dimensions relevant to gauging satisfaction related to visiting the natural heritage site. Social carrying capacity showed an average satisfaction of 71%, but mean scores concluded visitors to be only slightly satisfied and differ ences in satisfaction levels regarding the education level of respondents. These are essential dimensions for good site management and for planning management actions for the island destination. This method of analysis is fea sible for site management and is complementary to the corresponding physical thresholds.